Tiotropium Bromide hydrate

Tiotropium Bromide hydrate is an anticholinergic and bronchodilator and a muscarinic receptor antagonist.Target: mAChRTiotropium bromide (Ba 679 BR) is a novel potent and long-lasting muscarinic antagonist that has been developed for the treatment of chronic obstructive airways disease (COPD). Binding studies with [3H]tiotropium bromide in human lung have confirmed that this is a potent muscarinic antagonist with equal affinity for M1-, M2- and M3-receptors and is approximately 10-fold more potent than ipratropium bromide. In vitro tiotropium bromide has a potent inhibitory effect against cholinergic nerve-induced contraction of guinea-pig and human airways, that has a slower onset than atropine or ipratropium bromide. tiotropium bromide dissociates slowly from M3-receptors (on airway smooth muscle) but rapidly from M2 autoreceptors (on cholinergic nerve terminals) [1]. Tiotropium bromide is a quaternary ammonium derivative that binds to muscarinic receptors. However, although tiotropium binds with high affinity to muscarinic receptors of M1-, M2- and M3-subtypes, it dissociates very slowly from M1- and M3-receptors but more rapidly from M2-receptors, thereby giving it a unique kinetic selectivity [2].

References:
[1]. Barnes, P.J., et al., Tiotropium bromide (Ba 679 BR), a novel long-acting muscarinic antagonist for the treatment of obstructive airways disease. Life Sci, 1995. 56(11-12): p. 853-9.
[2]. Hansel, T.T. and P.J. Barnes, Tiotropium bromide: a novel once-daily anticholinergic bronchodilator for the treatment of COPD. Drugs Today (Barc), 2002. 38(9): p. 585-600.