3-Hydroxybutyric acid (Synonyms: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid, NSC 3806, βOHB) |
| Catalog No.GC30616 |
3-Hydroxybutyric acid (D-β-hydroxybutyrate, BHB) is an endogenous and specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC).
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 300-85-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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3-Hydroxybutyric acid (D-β-hydroxybutyrate, BHB) is an endogenous and specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC). The IC50 for inhibiting HDAC1, HDAC3 and HDAC4 is respectively 5.3, 2.4 and 4.5 mM[1]. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid is a ketone body that can interact with lipids and also reduce the interfacial viscosity of the DPPC monolayer [2]. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid blocks the NLRP3 inflammasome and does not undergo oxidation in the TCA cycle [3].
In vitro, histone H3K9 acetylation at the Foxo3a and Mt2 promoters increased after HEK293 cells were treated with 3-hydroxybutyrate (10 mM) for 24 hours [1]. After treating human monocytes for 24 hours, 3-hydroxybutyric acid (1-20 mM) dose-dependently inhibits the production of interleukin IL-1β and IL-18 mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome [3]. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid (10 mM) treated mouse glial cells for 48 hours, which significantly promoted cell proliferation [4].
In vivo, 3-hydroxybutyrate (2mM or 5mM) administered to C57BL/6 mice via intracerebroventricular injection can reduce the binding of HDAC2 and HDAC3 to the pI promoter of Bdnf [5]. Intraperitoneal injection of 3-hydroxybutyric acid (5.0 mmol/kg) into suckling mice after hypoxia-ischemia treatment can reduce the number of TUNEL-positive cells in the brain area, reduce cerebral infarction, and thereby reduce brain damage [6].
References:
[1] Shimazu T , Hirschey M D , Newman J ,et al. Suppression of Oxidative Stress by β-Hydroxybutyrate, an Endogenous Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor[J]. Science, 2013, 339(6116):211-4.
[2] Hsu TT, et al. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid interacts with lipid monolayers at concentrations that impair consciousness[J]. Langmuir. 2013 Feb 12;29(6):1948-55.
[3] Youm Y H , Nguyen K Y , Grant R W ,et al. The ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate blocks the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory disease[J]. Nature Medicine, 2015.
[4] Xiao X Q , Zhao Y , Chen G Q .The effect of 3-hydroxybutyrate and its derivatives on the growth of glial cells[J].Biomaterials, 2007, 28(25):3608-3616.
[5]Sleiman S F , Jeffrey H , Rami A H ,et al. Exercise promotes the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) through the action of the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate[J].Elife, 2016.
[6]Lee B , Woo D C , Woo C W ,et al.Exogenous β-Hydroxybutyrate Treatment and Neuroprotection in a Suckling Rat Model of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy[J].Dev Neurosci, 2018.
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Cell experiment [1]: |
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Cell lines |
HEK293 cells |
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Preparation method |
HEK293 cells were treated with 10 mM 3-Hydroxybutyric acid or PBS for 24 hours. Chromatin was immunoprecipitated with anti-H3 or anti-AcH3K9 and the purified DNA was analyzed with primer pairs specific for the Foxo3a or Mt2 promoters. |
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Reaction Conditions |
10mM; 24h |
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Applications |
Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis of the Foxo3a and Mt2 promoters with two distinct primer pairs for each promoter revealed increased histone H3K9 acetylation at both promoters after treatment of HEK293 cells with a high dose of 3-Hydroxybutyric acid (10mM). |
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Animal experiment [2]: |
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Animal models |
C57BL/6 male mice |
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Preparation method |
Mice were anesthetized under isoflurane and placed on a stereotaxic frame. The body temperature of the animals was maintained at 37°C using a homeothermic blanket. 3-Hydroxybutyric acid (2mM and 5mM; 5 µl) was delivered by a Hamilton syringe at a flow rate of 0.5 µl/min using a nanomite syringe pump. |
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Dosage form |
2mM and 5mM; 5 µl; i.c.v. |
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Applications |
3-Hydroxybutyric acid (2mM or 5mM) treatment decreased the binding of both HDAC2 and HDAC3 on the pI promoter of Bdnf. |
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References: [1] Shimazu T , Hirschey M D , Newman J , et al. Suppression of Oxidative Stress by β-Hydroxybutyrate, an Endogenous Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor[J]. Science, 2013, 339(6116):211-4. [2] Sleiman S F , Jeffrey H , Rami A H ,et al. Exercise promotes the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) through the action of the ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate[J].Elife, 2016. |
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| Cas No. | 300-85-6 | SDF | |
| Synonyms | 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid, NSC 3806, βOHB | ||
| Canonical SMILES | CC(O)CC(O)=O | ||
| Formula | C4H8O3 | M.Wt | 104.1 |
| Solubility | Water : 65 mg/mL (624.40 mM) | Storage | Store at 4°C, away from moisture |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 9.6061 mL | 48.0307 mL | 96.0615 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.9212 mL | 9.6061 mL | 19.2123 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.9606 mL | 4.8031 mL | 9.6061 mL |
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Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >95.00%
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- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
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Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 36 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
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