5-OxoETE (Synonyms: 5-KETE)

5-OxoETE is a polyunsaturated keto acid formed by the oxidation of 5-HETE in human neutrophils by a specific dehydrogenase.[1] It stimulates cytosolic calcium levels in neutrophils with an EC50 value of 2 nM.[2] 5-OxoETE selectively stimulates the migration and degranulation of eosinophils and activates the MAPK pathway in stimulated neutrophils via a specific G protein-coupled receptor.[3],[4],[5],[6]

Reference:
[1]. Powell, W.S., Gravelle, F., and Gravel, S. Metabolism of 5(S)-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid and other 5(S)-hydroxyeicosanoids by a specific dehydrogenase in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 267(27), 19233-19241 (1992).
[2]. Powell, W.S., Zhang, Y., and Gravel, S. Effects of phorbol myristate acetate on the synthesis of 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Biochemistry 33(13), 3927-3933 (1994).
[3]. O'Flaherty, J.T., Kuroki, M., Nixon, A.B., et al. 5-Oxo-eicosanoids and hematopoietic cytokines cooperate in stimulating neutrophil function and the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 271(30), 17821-17828 (1996).
[4]. O'Flaherty, J.T., Kuroki, M., Nixon, A.B., et al. 5-Oxo-eicosatetraenoate is a broadly active, eosinophil-selective stimulus for human granulocytes. J. Immunol. 157(1), 336-342 (1996).
[5]. Hosoi, T., Koguchi, Y., Sugikawa, E., et al. Identification of a novel human eicosanoid receptor coupled to Gi/o. J. Biol. Chem. 277 (35), 31459-31465 (2002).
[6]. Jones, C.E., Holden, S., Tenaillon, L., et al. Expression and characterization of a 5-oxo-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoic acid receptor highly expressed on human eosinophils and neutrophils. Mol. Pharmacol. 63(3), 471-477 (2003).