Cytochrome c fragment (93-108) (Synonyms: H2N-Ala-Asn-Glu-Arg-Ala-Asp-Leu-Ile-Ala-Tyr-Leu-Lys-Gln-Ala-Thr-Lys-OH ) |
| رقم الكتالوجGP10007 |
Initiates apoptosis
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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H2N-ANERADLIAYLKQATK-OH
The Cytochrome c is a small heme protein found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. Cytochromes c from certain eukaryotes, including plants and fungi but not higher animals, contains methylated lysine residues at specific positions1.
Cytochrome c is a required cofactor for Apaf-1 function2. Overexpression of bcl-2, or its close family member bcl-Xl, blocks the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, which otherwise occurs when cells are signaled to undergo apoptosis3.
Cytochrome c is absolutely required in in vitro system for the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9. When cytochrome c was depleted from HeLa cell S-100 extracts by a monoclonal antibody, the ability to activate caspases was abolished4. t. When cytochrome c was depleted, caspase-9 failed to bind Apaf-1 even in the presence of dATP. The binding was restored when purified cytochrome c was added. These suggest that cytochrome c initiates apoptosis by inducing the formation of the Apaf-1/caspase-9 complex4.
References:
1. B. Polevoda, M.R. Martzen, B. Das, E. M. Phizicky, and F. Sherman. Cytochrome c Methyltransferase, Ctm1p, of Yeast. The J Biol.Chem. 275: 20508-20513, 2000.
2. Liu, X, Kim, C.N., Pohl, J., and Wang, X. (1996a). Purification and characterization of an interleukin-1' converting enzyme family of protease that activates cysteine protease p32. J. Biol. Chem. 271:13371-13376.
3. Kharbanda, S., Pandey, P., Schofield, L., Israels, S., Roncinske, R.,Yoshida, K., Bharti, A., Yuan, Z.M., Saxena, S., Weichselbaum, R.,et al. (1997). Role for Bcl-xL as an inhibitor of cytosolic cytochrome C accumulation in DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 6939-6942.
4. P.Li, D.Nijhawan et al. Cytochrome c and dATP-Dependent Formation of Apaf-1/Caspase-9 Complex Initiates an Apoptotic Protease Cascade. Cell, 91: 479-489, 1997.
| Cas No. | SDF | ||
| المرادفات | H2N-Ala-Asn-Glu-Arg-Ala-Asp-Leu-Ile-Ala-Tyr-Leu-Lys-Gln-Ala-Thr-Lys-OH | ||
| Formula | C79H133N23O25 | M.Wt | 1805.04 |
| الذوبان | ≥180.5mg/mL in DMSO | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
||
| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 554 μL | 2.77 mL | 5.54 mL |
| 5 mM | 110.8 μL | 554 μL | 1.108 mL |
| 10 mM | 55.4 μL | 277 μL | 554 μL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 30 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
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