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Moniliformin (sodium salt)

رقم الكتالوجGC15592

Moniliformin (ملح الصوديوم) هو عزل فطري قوي من Fusarium moniliforme.

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Moniliformin (sodium salt) التركيب الكيميائي

Cas No.: 71376-34-6

الحجم السعر المخزون الكميّة
1mg
189٫00
متوفر

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Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.

Product Documents

Quality Control & SDS

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Protocol

Animal experiment:

Rats: Moniliformin is prepared in water. In this experiment, 5 dose groups (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 mg/kg moniliformin b.w.) of test animals are exposed to moniliformin for 28 days. Each group consists of 5 male Sprague-Dawley rats. The dose groups are determined based on our acute toxicity study of MON in rats. In addition, a control group administered with filtered tap water and two satellite groups (dosed 12 and 15 mg/kg b.w. moniliformin) are used. The two satellite groups are kept alive for an additional 14 days without treatment to detect possible delayed toxic effects and to follow up recovery[3]. Mice: Sterile aqueous solutions of moniliformin are injected intraperitoneally (0.2 mL) into five female and five male white mice, weighing about 25 g each, at concentrations equivalent to 0, 20, 25, 30, and 35 mg per kg of body weight. The mice are observed over a 4-day period, and LD50 values are determined[1].

References:

[1]. Burmeister HR, et al. Moniliformin, a metabolite of Fusarium moniliforme NRRL 6322: purification and toxicity. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Jan;37(1):11-3.
[2]. Ficheux AS, et al. Effects of beauvericin, enniatin b and moniliformin on human dendritic cells and macrophages: an in vitro study. Toxicon. 2013 Sep;71:1-10.
[3]. Jonsson M, et al. Repeated dose 28-day oral toxicity study of moniliformin in rats. Toxicol Lett. 2015 Feb 17;233(1):38-44.

Background

Moniliformin induces mitotic arrest at the metaphase stage.

Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle when replicated chromosomes are separated into two new nuclei. The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next.

In vitro: Moniliformin, first isolated as a mycotoxin from Fusarium moniliforme, was found to be phytotoxic and arrests mitosis of maize root meristematic cells at the metaphase stage. The mitotic spindle could be disrupted by the treatment of moniliformin, but no direct effect on tubulin had been observed [1].

In vivo: A previous study was conducted on rat heart to in situ determine the myocardial toxicity of moniliformin, originally isolated from mouldy corn and soil samples in the Keshan disease prevalent area in China. Results showed that perfusion of moniliformin 10-7 mol/liter in isolated heart decreased myocardial contractile force by 52%. Intravenous injection of moniliformin at 1/6 and 1/4 LD50 could markedly inhibit cardiac hemodynamic variables associated with myocardial contractile function. Moreover, moniliformin was able to decrease +/- LV dP/dt max by 52%, and induce ventricular arrhythmia. These findings indicated that moniliformin was toxic to mammalian heart and might be an important factor relative to Keshan disease [2].

Clinical trial: So far, no clinical study has been conducted.

References:
[1] Duke, S. O. and Dayan, F.E. Modes of action of microbially-produced phytotoxins. Toxins (Basel) 3(8), 1038-1064 (2011).
[2] Fan LL, Li J, Sun LH.  Effect of moniliformin on myocardial contractility in rats. Biomed Environ Sci. 1991 Sep;4(3):290-4.

Chemical Properties

Cas No. 71376-34-6 SDF
Chemical Name 3-hydroxy-3-cyclobutene-1,2-dione, monosodium salt
Canonical SMILES O=C1C(C=C1[O-])=O.[Na+]
Formula C4HO3 • Na M.Wt 120
الذوبان ≤10mg/ml in Water Storage Store at 4°C
General tips Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time.
Shipping Condition Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Prepare stock solution
1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 8.3333 mL 41.6667 mL 83.3333 mL
5 mM 1.6667 mL 8.3333 mL 16.6667 mL
10 mM 0.8333 mL 4.1667 mL 8.3333 mL
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