Lipid droplets (LDs) are composed of a chemical substance called "lipids". Lipid droplets are storage organelles in the center of lipid and energy homeostasis. They have a unique structure composed of a hydrophobic core of neutral lipids, which is surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer modified by a specific set of proteins. Due to the diversity of lipid droplet functions, their abnormalities are associated with many pathological states.

Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit

Apoptosis

Apoptosis refers to a highly regulated form of programmed cell death controlled by genes to maintain internal environmental stability. It is widely present in processes such as elimination of development, tissue homeostasis, infection or injury responses. Unlike cell necrosis, apoptosis is not a passive process, but an active process that involves the activation, expression, and regulation of a series of genes. It is an autonomous death process that exists to better adapt to the living environment. During the process of cell apoptosis, phenomena such as nuclear condensation, DNA breakage, cell wrinkling, plasma membrane vesicle formation, and the production of apoptotic bodies can occur, ultimately leading to cell death.

Hello everyone, Mr. G brings us new experimental knowledge, TUNEL method for detecting cell apoptosis. Below, I will provide a systematic introduction to the experimental principles and application scenarios.

A compound library, also known as a Compound Library, is a collection of entities or information composed of multiple small molecule compounds according to certain requirements (such as specific structures or functions). The Compound Library contains information such as molecular structure, physicochemical properties, and relevant experimental data. Researchers can use the compound library for high-throughput screening, high content screening, molecular design, drug discovery, molecular docking, and other operations to quickly screen compounds with potential pharmacological effects. Compound libraries can be used in fields such as cancer, inflammation, virology, biomedicine, medicinal chemistry, and chemical biology.

In biological laboratory, RNA extraction is one of the most basal and commonly operation in molecular biology experiments. The total RNA extracted by TRIZOL reagent can be directly used in molecular biology experiments such as RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, Northern Blot, Dot Blot, in vitro translation, and high-throughput sequencing.

P53 is the most important tumor suppressor gene, with broad and powerful functions. Since the discovery of p53 protein in 1979, p53 has been a "star molecule" in molecular biology and oncology. Using p53 as a keyword search in the PubMed database, over 100000 articles can be found.

Bcl-2 is the first discovered anti cell death gene that has been shown to prevent various stimuli induced cell apoptosis, including serum deprivation, heat shock, and chemotherapy agents. In addition, Bcl-2 can also inhibit certain forms of necrotic cell death, such as necrosis induced by hypoxia and respiratory depression.

Caspase is a group of proteases existing in the cytoplasm. Its full name is cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase. One of the important common features of caspases is that their active sites all contain cysteine, which enables them to specifically cleave peptide bonds on the aspartic acid residues of target proteins. This allows caspases to highly selectively cleave certain proteins. They play a significant role in programmed cell death (including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, etc.) and inflammation. Currently, 11 different caspases have been identified in humans. The mammalian Caspase family proteins can be classified into three major categories based on their structure and function.

Quercetin, a bioactive plant-derived flavonoid abundant in fruits and vegetables, has shown remarkable promise in fighting melanoma, a deadly skin cancer. Research has revealed that quercetin can inhibit tumor growth without toxicity, boosting antitumor immunity by modulating the tumor immune microenvironment. This natural compound has been found to increase the percentages of immune cells, suppress cell proliferation and migration, and promote phagocytosis, making it a potential therapeutic agent for enhancing the efficacy of existing melanoma treatments. With its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, quercetin holds great potential as a complementary therapy for melanoma, offering new hope for patients seeking effective and natural solutions.

Dioscin, a natural steroidal saponin derived from Dioscorea nipponica Makino, exhibits diverse pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties. Recent research highlighted its protective role in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems.