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Chloramphenicol

Catalog No.: GC15185

An acetylated version of chloramphenicol

Chloramphenicol Chemical Structure

Size Price Stock Qty
10mM (in 1mL DMSO)
$39.00
In stock
50mg
$52.00
In stock

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Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.

Product Documents

Quality Control & SDS

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Background

Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic against bacterial infections.

References:
[1]. Jardetzky, O., Studies on the mechanism of action of chloramphenicol. I. The conformation of chlioramphenicol in solution. J Biol Chem, 1963. 238: p. 2498-508.
[2]. Wolfe, A.D. and F.E. Hahn, Mode of Action of Chloramphenicol. Ix. Effects of Chloramphenicol Upon a Ribosomal Amino Acid Polymerization System and Its Binding to Bacterial Ribosome. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1965. 95: p. 146-55.

Chemical Properties

Cas No. 56-75-7 SDF
Chemical Name 2,2-dichloro-N-[(1R,2R)-1,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-2-yl]acetamide
Canonical SMILES C1=CC(=CC=C1C(C(CO)NC(=O)C(Cl)Cl)O)[N+](=O)[O-]
Formula C11H12Cl2N2O5 M.Wt 323.13
Solubility ≥ 16.16 mg/mL in DMSO, ≥ 16.25 mg/mL in Water with ultrasonic and warming, ≥ 33 mg/mL in EtOH Storage Store at 2-8°C,unstable in solution, ready to use.
General tips For obtaining a higher solubility , please warm the tube at 37 ℃ and shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while.Stock solution can be stored below -20℃ for several months.
Shipping Condition Evaluation sample solution : ship with blue ice
All other available size: ship with RT , or blue ice upon request

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Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.

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Research Update

Chloramphenicol

IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum 1990;50:169-93.2292798 PMC7682317

Chloramphenicol

Med Clin North Am 1982 Jan;66(1):91-102.7038343 10.1016/s0025-7125(16)31444-4

Chloramphenicol

Pediatr Clin North Am 1968 Feb;15(1):57-72.4866907 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)32088-0

Chloramphenicol toxicity

Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev 1993 Summer;12(2):83-95.8357947

Although high serum concentrations of Chloramphenicol are related to toxicity, as shown experimentally and during treatment, the mechanism of toxicity remains unclear. Published work suggests that relatively minor metabolites may be causally related to toxic reactions in vitro and some of these metabolites have been detected in sera from treated patients. It is possible that all the major toxic manifestations of Chloramphenicol may be explained by attack by free radicals. Depletion in compounds acting as cellular antioxidants, such as glutathione and vitamin E, may conceivably increase the vulnerability of an individual to Chloramphenicol toxicity, while supplementation with an antioxidant might protect against it. Research into the metabolism of Chloramphenicol and into the mechanism of its toxicity has declined since early work in the 1950s and 1960s, but its continuing use worldwide means that there is justification for renewed interest in the toxicology of this useful antibiotic.

Chloramphenicol: what we have learned in the last decade

South Med J 1986 Sep;79(9):1129-34.3529436

Chloramphenicol is a unique antibiotic. The kinetics and efficacy of the oral and intravenous preparations are comparable. Chloramphenicol is usually bacteriostatic but is bactericidal against Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis, and Chloramphenicol's clinical efficacy against these meningeal pathogens is well established. Chloramphenicol can be used to treat serious pediatric infections when Haemophilus influenzae is a likely pathogen, as well as typhoid fever, anaerobic infections, bacterial meningitis in patients allergic to penicillin, brain abscesses, and rickettsial infections. The use of Chloramphenicol is limited because of its toxicity. Aplastic anemia is very rare but can occur after either oral or intravenous administration. The gray syndrome can be eliminated and marrow suppression minimized by using Chloramphenicol at the recommended doses and monitoring levels. During the last decade the increased use of Chloramphenicol has not resulted in increased resistance or in frequent reports of toxicity. Thus, Chloramphenicol remains an important inpatient antibiotic that can be invaluable for treating certain life-threatening infections.

Reviews

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Average Rating: 5 ★★★★★ (Based on Reviews and 30 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)

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