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Immunology/Inflammation

The immune and inflammation-related pathway including the Toll-like receptors pathway, the B cell receptor signaling pathway, the T cell receptor signaling pathway, etc.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a central role in host cell recognition and responses to microbial pathogens. TLR4 initially recruits TIRAP and MyD88. MyD88 then recruits IRAKs, TRAF6, and the TAK1 complex, leading to early-stage activation of NF-κB and MAP kinases [1]. TLR4 is endocytosed and delivered to intracellular vesicles and forms a complex with TRAM and TRIF, which then recruits TRAF3 and the protein kinases TBK1 and IKKi. TBK1 and IKKi catalyze the phosphorylation of IRF3, leading to the expression of type I IFN [2].

BCR signaling is initiated through ligation of mIg under conditions that induce phosphorylation of the ITAMs in CD79, leading to the activation of Syk. Once Syk is activated, the BCR signal is transmitted via a series of proteins associated with the adaptor protein B-cell linker (Blnk, SLP-65). Blnk binds CD79a via non-ITAM tyrosines and is phosphorylated by Syk. Phospho-Blnk acts as a scaffold for the assembly of the other components, including Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk), Vav 1, and phospholipase C-gamma 2 (PLCγ2) [3]. Following the assembly of the BCR-signalosome, GRB2 binds and activates the Ras-guanine exchange factor SOS, which in turn activates the small GTPase RAS. The original RAS signal is transmitted and amplified through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which including the serine/threonine-specific protein kinase RAF followed by MEK and extracellular signal related kinases ERK 1 and 2 [4]. After stimulation of BCR, CD19 is phosphorylated by Lyn. Phosphorylated CD19 activates PI3K by binding to the p85 subunit of PI3K and produce phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PIP3) from PIP2, and PIP3 transmits signals downstream [5].

Central process of T cells responding to specific antigens is the binding of the T-cell receptor (TCR) to specific peptides bound to the major histocompatibility complex which expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Once TCR connected with its ligand, the ζ-chain–associated protein kinase 70 molecules (Zap-70) are recruited to the TCR-CD3 site and activated, resulting in an initiation of several signaling cascades. Once stimulation, Zap-70 forms complexes with several molecules including SLP-76; and a sequential protein kinase cascade is initiated, consisting of MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK), and MAP kinase (MAPK) [6]. Two MAPK kinases, MKK4 and MKK7, have been reported to be the primary activators of JNK. MKK3, MKK4, and MKK6 are activators of P38 MAP kinase [7]. MAP kinase pathways are major pathways induced by TCR stimulation, and they play a key role in T-cell responses.

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) binds to the cytosolic domain of CD28, leading to conversion of PIP2 to PIP3, activation of PKB (Akt) and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1), and subsequent signaling transduction [8].

 

References

[1] Kawai T, Akira S. The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors[J]. Nature immunology, 2010, 11(5): 373-384.

[2] Kawai T, Akira S. Toll-like receptors and their crosstalk with other innate receptors in infection and immunity[J]. Immunity, 2011, 34(5): 637-650.

[3] Packard T A, Cambier J C. B lymphocyte antigen receptor signaling: initiation, amplification, and regulation[J]. F1000Prime Rep, 2013, 5(40.10): 12703.

[4] Zhong Y, Byrd J C, Dubovsky J A. The B-cell receptor pathway: a critical component of healthy and malignant immune biology[C]//Seminars in hematology. WB Saunders, 2014, 51(3): 206-218.

[5] Baba Y, Matsumoto M, Kurosaki T. Calcium signaling in B cells: regulation of cytosolic Ca 2+ increase and its sensor molecules, STIM1 and STIM2[J]. Molecular immunology, 2014, 62(2): 339-343.

[6] Adachi K, Davis M M. T-cell receptor ligation induces distinct signaling pathways in naive vs. antigen-experienced T cells[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2011, 108(4): 1549-1554.

[7] Rincón M, Flavell R A, Davis R A. The Jnk and P38 MAP kinase signaling pathways in T cell–mediated immune responses[J]. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 2000, 28(9): 1328-1337.

[8] Bashour K T, Gondarenko A, Chen H, et al. CD28 and CD3 have complementary roles in T-cell traction forces[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014, 111(6): 2241-2246.

Ziele für  Immunology/Inflammation

Produkte für  Immunology/Inflammation

  1. Bestell-Nr. Artikelname Informationen
  2. GC41207 17(R)-HDHA Resolvins are a group of polyhydroxylated metabolites of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) found in the inflammatory exudates of aspirin-treated experimental animals. 17(R)-HDHA  Chemical Structure
  3. GC49178 17(R)-Protectin D1 An aspirin-triggered epimer of protectin D1 17(R)-Protectin D1  Chemical Structure
  4. GC41951 17(R)-Resolvin D1

    Resolvins are a family of potent lipid mediators derived from both eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid.

    17(R)-Resolvin D1  Chemical Structure
  5. GC41227 17(R)-Resolvin D1 methyl ester 17(R)-Resolvin D1 (17(R)-RvD1) is an aspirin-triggered epimer of RvD1 that reduces human polymorphonuclear leukocyte transendothelial migration, the earliest event in acute inflammation, with equipotency to RvD1 (EC50 = ~30 nM). 17(R)-Resolvin D1 methyl ester  Chemical Structure
  6. GC45307 17(R)-Resolvin D3   17(R)-Resolvin D3  Chemical Structure
  7. GC41952 17(R)-Resolvin D4 17(R)-Resolvin D4 (17(R)-RvD4) is an aspirin-triggered epimer of RvD4 . 17(R)-Resolvin D4  Chemical Structure
  8. GC41208 17(S)-HDHA 17(S)-HDHA is a primary mono-oxygenation product of docosahexaenoic acid in human whole blood, human leukocytes, and mouse brain. 17(S)-HDHA  Chemical Structure
  9. GC40975 17(S)-HpDHA 17(S)-HpDHA is a mono-oxygenation product of docosahexaenoic acid in human whole blood, human leukocytes, human glial cells, and mouse brain. 17(S)-HpDHA  Chemical Structure
  10. GC41958 17-hydroxy Venturicidin A 17-Hydroxy-Venturicidin A (YP-02259L-C) ist eine antimikrobielle Verbindung. 17-Hydroxy-Venturicidin A hemmt das Wachstum der beiden getesteten Fadenpilze (Verticillium dahlia und Fusarium sp. 17-hydroxy Venturicidin A  Chemical Structure
  11. GC41980 18-carboxy dinor Leukotriene B4 18-carboxy dinor Leukotriene B4 (18-carboxy dinor LTB4) is a β-oxidation metabolite of LTB4. 18-carboxy dinor Leukotriene B4  Chemical Structure
  12. GC41982 19,20-Epoxycytochalasin C 19,20-Epoxycytochalasin C, ein Cytochalasin, ist ein Pilzmetabolit von Nemania sp. 19,20-Epoxycytochalasin C  Chemical Structure
  13. GC41983 19,20-Epoxycytochalasin D 19,20-Epoxycytochalasin D, ein Cytochalasin, ist ein Pilzmetabolit von Nemania sp. 19,20-Epoxycytochalasin D  Chemical Structure
  14. GC41160 1a,1b-dihomo Prostaglandin E2 1a,1b-dihomo Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a rare polyunsaturated fatty acid first identified in extracts of sheep vesicular gland microsomes, known to contain COX, incubated with adrenic acid. 1a,1b-dihomo Prostaglandin E2  Chemical Structure
  15. GC38728 1V209 1V209 (TLR7-Agonist T7) ist ein Agonist des Toll-like-Rezeptors 7 (TLR7) und hat Antitumorwirkungen. 1V209 kann mit verschiedenen Polysacchariden konjugiert werden, um seine WasserlÖslichkeit zu verbessern, seine Wirksamkeit zu steigern und eine geringe ToxizitÄt aufrechtzuerhalten. 1V209  Chemical Structure
  16. GC52501 2',3'-Dideoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate (lithium salt) An inhibitor of reverse transcriptases and DNA polymerases 2',3'-Dideoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate (lithium salt)  Chemical Structure
  17. GC67628 2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein 2',&7#39;-Dichlorfluorescein fungiert als Fluoreszenzsonde (Ex \u003d 496 nm und Em \u003d 525 nm) für die Messung reaktiver Sauerstoffspezies (ROS). 2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein  Chemical Structure
  18. GC49823 2′-C-β-Methylguanosine An active nucleoside metabolite of BMS-986094 2′-C-β-Methylguanosine  Chemical Structure
  19. GC49514 2′-Deoxyuridine-d2 An internal standard for the quantification of 2’-deoxyuridine 2′-Deoxyuridine-d2  Chemical Structure
  20. GC52122 2’-Deoxyadenosine-5’-diphosphate (sodium salt) A nucleotide diphosphate 2’-Deoxyadenosine-5’-diphosphate (sodium salt)  Chemical Structure
  21. GC46508 2',2'-Difluoro-2'-deoxyuridine An active metabolite of gemcitabine 2',2'-Difluoro-2'-deoxyuridine  Chemical Structure
  22. GC42079 2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate 2',7'-Dichlorfluoresceindiacetat (DCFH-DA) ist eine zellgängige Fluoreszenzsonde. 2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate  Chemical Structure
  23. GC41281 2'-C-Methyladenosine 2'-C-Methyladenosine is an inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication (IC50 = 0.3 μM in Huh-7 human hepatoma cells) that is not cytotoxic at concentrations up to 100 μM. 2'-C-Methyladenosine  Chemical Structure
  24. GC42080 2'2'-cGAMP (sodium salt) 2'2'-cGAMP is a synthetic dinucleotide (CDN) that contains non-canonical 2'5'-phosphodiester bonds. 2'2'-cGAMP (sodium salt)  Chemical Structure
  25. GC42090 2'3'-cGAMP (sodium salt)

    2'3'-cGAMP is a second messenger produced from ATP and GTP by cGMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) in the cytoplasm of mammalian cells in response to the presence of DNA.

    2'3'-cGAMP (sodium salt)  Chemical Structure
  26. GC40415 2,3-dinor-11β-Prostaglandin F2α 2,3-dinor-11β-Prostaglandin F2α (2,3-dinor-11β-PGF2α) was recovered from the urine of both normal monkeys and humans when infused with radiolabeled PGD2, where it represented approximately 1% and 4% of the infused radiolabeled dose, respectively. 2,3-dinor-11β-Prostaglandin F2α  Chemical Structure
  27. GC49671 2,3-Oxidosqualene An intermediate in the biosynthesis of sterols 2,3-Oxidosqualene  Chemical Structure
  28. GC68044 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde  Chemical Structure
  29. GC68452 2,4,6-Triiodophenol 2,4,6-Triiodophenol  Chemical Structure
  30. GC46522 2,4-Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride A heterocyclic building block 2,4-Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride  Chemical Structure
  31. GC42076 2,5-Deoxyfructosazine (hydrochloride) 2,5-Deoxyfructosazine is a pyrazine derivative that can be found in cured tobacco and is used as a flavoring agent in the food and tobacco industry. 2,5-Deoxyfructosazine (hydrochloride)  Chemical Structure
  32. GC39325 2,5-Dihydroxyacetophenone 2,5-Dihydroxyacetophenon, isoliert aus Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, hemmt die Produktion von EntzÜndungsmediatoren in aktivierten Makrophagen, indem es die Signalwege ERK1/2 und NF-κB blockiert. 2,5-Dihydroxyacetophenone  Chemical Structure
  33. GC46057 2,5-Dihydroxycinnamic Acid phenethyl ester An inhibitor of 5-LO 2,5-Dihydroxycinnamic Acid phenethyl ester  Chemical Structure
  34. GC46502 2-(1-(Thiophen-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide An antimicrobial agent 2-(1-(Thiophen-2-yl)ethylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamide  Chemical Structure
  35. GC42112 2-Acetyl-5-tetrahydroxybutyl Imidazole Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) lyase catalyzes the irreversible decomposition of S1P to hexadecanaldehyde and phosphoethanolamine. 2-Acetyl-5-tetrahydroxybutyl Imidazole  Chemical Structure
  36. GC46533 2-Amino-6-chloropurine A precursor in the synthesis of nucleoside analogs 2-Amino-6-chloropurine  Chemical Structure
  37. GC52029 2-Aminoflubendazole 2-Aminoflubendazol ist der Metabolit von Benzimidazolen. 2-Aminoflubendazole  Chemical Structure
  38. GC42123 2-Aminopurine (hydrochloride) 2-Aminopurin (Hydrochlorid) ist ein fluoreszierendes Analogon von Guanosin. 2-Aminopurine (hydrochloride)  Chemical Structure
  39. GC64739 2-Aminoquinoline 2-Aminochinolin (2-Chinolinamin) ist eine vielversprechende Verbindung als bioverfÜgbarer nNOS-Inhibitor, leidet jedoch unter einer geringen humanen nNOS-Hemmung, einer geringen SelektivitÄt gegenÜber humanem eNOS und einer signifikanten Bindung an andere ZNS-Ziele. 2-Aminoquinoline  Chemical Structure
  40. GC42135 2-chloro Palmitic Acid 2-ChlorpalmitinsÄure, ein entzÜndlicher Lipidmediator, stÖrt die Proteinpalmitylierung, induziert ER-Stressmarker, reduziert den ER-ATP-Gehalt und aktiviert die Transkription und Sekretion von IL-6 sowie IL-8.2-ChlorpalmitinsÄure stÖrt die Mitochondrien Membranpotential und induziert die Procaspase-3- und PARP-Spaltung. 2-ChlorpalmitinsÄure kann die Blut-Hirn-Schranke (BBB) Überwinden und beeintrÄchtigt ER- und Mitochondrienfunktionen in der Endothelzelllinie hCMEC/D3 des menschlichen Gehirns. 2-chloro Palmitic Acid  Chemical Structure
  41. GC42136 2-chloro Stearic Acid 2-chloro Stearic acid is a bioactive fatty acid that accumulates in primary human monocytes and neutrophils as well as murine neutrophils stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. 2-chloro Stearic Acid  Chemical Structure
  42. GC40675 2-deoxy-Artemisinin 2-deoxy-Artemisinin is an inactive metabolite of the antimalarial agent artemisinin. 2-deoxy-Artemisinin  Chemical Structure
  43. GC40634 2-epi-Abamectin 2-epi-Abamectin is a degradation product of abamectin. 2-epi-Abamectin  Chemical Structure
  44. GC46544 2-Fluoro-4-iodo benzonitrile A building block 2-Fluoro-4-iodo benzonitrile  Chemical Structure
  45. GC45912 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-Quinolone A bacterial quorum-sensing signaling molecule 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-Quinolone  Chemical Structure
  46. GC18391 2-hydroxy Decanoic Acid

    2-hydroxy Decanoic acid is a fatty acid found in the lipophilic portion of the lipopolysaccharide fraction of P.

    2-hydroxy Decanoic Acid  Chemical Structure
  47. GC42166 2-hydroxy Myristic Acid 2-hydroxy Myristic acid is a hydroxy fatty acid that has been found in bovine, human, and horse milk, cow and buffalo cheeses, sea bass filet, seal oil, human vernix caseosa, and wool wax. 2-hydroxy Myristic Acid  Chemical Structure
  48. GC42171 2-hydroxy Stearic Acid methyl ester 2-hydroxy Stearic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid methyl ester that broadens phase transition in dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) lipid membranes. 2-hydroxy Stearic Acid methyl ester  Chemical Structure
  49. GC40944 2-hydroxy-6-Methylbenzoic Acid 2-hydroxy-6-Methylbenzoic acid is a constituent of G. 2-hydroxy-6-Methylbenzoic Acid  Chemical Structure
  50. GC48910 2-Hydroxyanthraquinone 2-Hydroxyanthrachinon, eine natÜrliche Verbindung, besitzt Antitumor- und immunsuppressive AktivitÄt. 2-Hydroxyanthraquinone  Chemical Structure
  51. GC17084 2-Imino-4-methylpiperidine (acetate) 2-Imino-4-methylpiperidin (Acetat) ist ein potenter und oral aktiver Inhibitor der Isoformen der NO-Synthase (NOS) mit IC50-Werten von 0,1 μM, 1,1 μM und 0,2 ⋼M fÜr humanes iNOS (hiNOS), heNOS und hnNOS bzw. 2-Imino-4-methylpiperidine (acetate)  Chemical Structure
  52. GC16664 2-Iminobiotin 2-Iminobiotin (Guanidinobiotin) ist ein Analogon von Biotin (Vitamin H oder B7). 2-Iminobiotin  Chemical Structure
  53. GC39326 2-Iminobiotin hydrobromide 2-Iminobiotin-Hydrobromid (Guanidinobiotin-Hydrobromid) ist ein Analogon von Biotin (Vitamin H oder B7). 2-Iminobiotin hydrobromide  Chemical Structure
  54. GC12166 2-Iminopiperidine hydrochloride iNOS inhibitor 2-Iminopiperidine hydrochloride  Chemical Structure
  55. GC52140 2-Methoxyhydroquinone 2-Methoxyhydroquinone  Chemical Structure
  56. GC42186 2-nonyl-3-hydroxy-4-Quinolone 2-nonyl-3-hydroxy-4-Quinolone is a quinolone compound produced by P. 2-nonyl-3-hydroxy-4-Quinolone  Chemical Structure
  57. GC52445 2-nonyl-3-hydroxy-4-Quinolone-d4 An internal standard for the quantification of 2-nonyl-3-hydroxy-4-quinolone 2-nonyl-3-hydroxy-4-Quinolone-d4  Chemical Structure
  58. GC46553 2-Nonylquinolin-4(1H)-one A quinolone alkaloid with diverse biological activities 2-Nonylquinolin-4(1H)-one  Chemical Structure
  59. GC52446 2-Nonylquinolin-4(1H)-one-d4 An internal standard for the quantification of 2-nonylquinolin-4(1H)-one 2-Nonylquinolin-4(1H)-one-d4  Chemical Structure
  60. GC49786 2-NP-AOZ 2-NP-AOZ ist ein 2-Nitrophenyl-Derivat von AOZ. 2-NP-AOZ  Chemical Structure
  61. GC49283 2-O-(α-D-Glucopyranosyl)glycerol A compatible solute 2-O-(α-D-Glucopyranosyl)glycerol  Chemical Structure
  62. GC35095 2-Phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt 2-Phospho-L-AscorbinsÄure-Trinatriumsalz (2-Phospho-L-AscorbinsÄure-Trinatrium) ist ein lang wirkendes Vitamin-C-Derivat, das die Kollagenbildung und -expression stimulieren kann. 2-Phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium salt  Chemical Structure
  63. GC17951 2-TEDC 5-, 12-, and 15-lipoxygenase inhibitor 2-TEDC  Chemical Structure
  64. GC68043 2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzoquinone 2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzoquinone  Chemical Structure
  65. GC42193 2-Thenoyltrifluoroacetone 2-Thenoyltrifluoraceton ist ein Chelatbildner. 2-Thenoyltrifluoroacetone  Chemical Structure
  66. GC15355 2-Trifluoromethyl-2'-methoxychalcone Nrf2 activator 2-Trifluoromethyl-2'-methoxychalcone  Chemical Structure
  67. GC40960 20α-dihydro Prednisolone 20α-dihydro Prednisolone is a metabolite of prednisolone. 20α-dihydro Prednisolone  Chemical Structure
  68. GC42082 20-carboxy Leukotriene B4 20-carboxy LTB4 is a metabolite of LTB4 in human neutrophils. 20-carboxy Leukotriene B4  Chemical Structure
  69. GC41387 20-hydroxy Arachidic Acid 20-hydroxy Arachidic acid is a hydroxylated fatty acid that has been found in the suberin component of silver birch (B. 20-hydroxy Arachidic Acid  Chemical Structure
  70. GC41421 20-hydroxy Leukotriene B4 20-hydroxy LTB4 is a metabolite of LTB4 in human neutrophils. 20-hydroxy Leukotriene B4  Chemical Structure
  71. GC60467 21-Acetoxypregna-1,4,9(11),16-tetraene-3,20-dione 21-Acetoxypregna-1,4,9(11),16-tetraen-3,20-dion ist ein Zwischenprodukt der Delta-9,11-Steroidsynthese, zum Beispiel Vamorolone 21-Acetoxypregna-1,4,9(11),16-tetraene-3,20-dione  Chemical Structure
  72. GC42087 21-desacetyl Deflazacort 21-desacetyl Deflazacort is the active glucocorticoid derived from the prodrug deflazacort. 21-desacetyl Deflazacort  Chemical Structure
  73. GC40571 24(S),25-epoxy Cholesterol

    24(S),25-epoxy Cholesterol is an oxysterol and the most abundant oxysterol in mouse ventral midbrain.

    24(S),25-epoxy Cholesterol  Chemical Structure
  74. GC49365 25-Desacetyl Rifampicin A major active metabolite of rifampicin 25-Desacetyl Rifampicin  Chemical Structure
  75. GC48482 28-Acetylbetulin A lupane triterpenoid with anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities 28-Acetylbetulin  Chemical Structure
  76. GC48503 28-Deoxybetulin methyleneamine A derivative of betulin 28-Deoxybetulin methyleneamine  Chemical Structure
  77. GC46549 2F-Peracetyl-Fucose 2F-Peracetyl-Fucose (1,3,4-Tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-L-fucopyranos) wirkt als starker Hemmer der Fucosyltransferase (FUT). 2F-Peracetyl-Fucose  Chemical Structure
  78. GC49005 2S-Eriodictyol A flavanone with antioxidant activity 2S-Eriodictyol  Chemical Structure
  79. GC25014 3',3'-cGAMP 3',3'-cGAMP (3',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP, Cyclic GMP-AMP, cGAMP) activates the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident receptor stimulator of interferon genes (STING), thereby inducing an antiviral state and the secretion of type I IFNs. 3',3'-cGAMP  Chemical Structure
  80. GC49122 3′-deoxy Thymidine An antiviral nucleoside analog 3′-deoxy Thymidine  Chemical Structure
  81. GC49871 3’-Azido-2’,3’-dideoxyuridine An antiviral nucleoside analog 3’-Azido-2’,3’-dideoxyuridine  Chemical Structure
  82. GC34451 3',4'-Dihydroxyflavonol 3',4'-Dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF) ist ein wirksames Antioxidans, das Superoxid reduziert und die Stickoxid (NO)-Funktion in diabetischen RattengekrÖsearterien verbessert. 3',4'-Dihydroxyflavonol  Chemical Structure
  83. GC42312 3'-Sialyllactose (sodium salt) 3'-Sialyllactose consists of the monosaccharide N-acetylneuraminic acid linked to the galactosyl subunit of lactose at the 3 position. 3'-Sialyllactose (sodium salt)  Chemical Structure
  84. GC42242 3'-sulfo Galactosylsphingosine (ammonium salt) 3'-sulfo Galactosylsphingosine is a form of sulfatide that is lacking the fatty acyl group. 3'-sulfo Galactosylsphingosine (ammonium salt)  Chemical Structure
  85. GC42245 3'3'-cGAMP (sodium salt) 3'3'-cGAMP is a second messenger produced in bacteria by specific dinucleotide cyclases. 3'3'-cGAMP (sodium salt)  Chemical Structure
  86. GN10006 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde 3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde  Chemical Structure
  87. GC33992 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid (O-Methylferulic acid) 3,4-DimethoxyzimtsÄure (O-MethylferulasÄure) (O-MethylferulasÄure) ist ein Monomer, das aus Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk extrahiert und gereinigt wird. 3,4-Dimethoxycinnamic acid (O-Methylferulic acid)  Chemical Structure
  88. GC61673 3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol 3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol ist eine flÜchtige organische Verbindung mit antibiofilm- und antimykotischen AktivitÄten. 3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol  Chemical Structure
  89. GC46577 3,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde A building block 3,5-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde  Chemical Structure
  90. GC64762 3,6-Dihydroxyflavone 3,6-Dihydroxyflavon ist ein Antikrebsmittel. 3,6-Dihydroxyflavon verringert dosis- und zeitabhÄngig die ZelllebensfÄhigkeit und induziert Apoptose durch Aktivierung der Caspase-Kaskade, Spaltung der Poly(ADP-Ribose)-Polymerase (PARP). 3,6-Dihydroxyflavon erhÖht den intrazellulÄren oxidativen Stress und die Lipidperoxidation. 3,6-Dihydroxyflavone  Chemical Structure
  91. GC49169 3,8’-Biapigenin 3,8’-Biapigenin ist ein Biflavon in Hypericum perforatum L. 3,8’-Biapigenin  Chemical Structure
  92. GC52324 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)propionic Acid sulfate A metabolite of certain phenols and glycosides 3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)propionic Acid sulfate  Chemical Structure
  93. GC14282 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-Boswellic Acid 3-Acetyl-11-keto-β-BoswelliasÄure (Acetyl-11-keto-β-BoswelliasÄure) ist eine aktive Triterpenoidverbindung aus dem Extrakt von Boswellia serrate und ein neuartiger Nrf2-Aktivator. 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-Boswellic Acid  Chemical Structure
  94. GC68081 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazine 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazine  Chemical Structure
  95. GC46583 3-Amino-2,6-Piperidinedione An active metabolite of (±)-thalidomide 3-Amino-2,6-Piperidinedione  Chemical Structure
  96. GC52129 3-Amino-5-hydroxybenzoic Acid 3-Amino-5-hydroxybenzoic Acid  Chemical Structure
  97. GC49849 3-Aminosalicylic Acid A salicylic acid derivative 3-Aminosalicylic Acid  Chemical Structure
  98. GC38208 3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole A potent inhibitor of nNOS 3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole  Chemical Structure
  99. GC10385 3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole 3-Brom-7-nitroindazol ist ein wirksamerer und selektiverer Inhibitor der neuronalen Stickoxidsynthase (nNOS) als eNOS oder induzierbare Stickoxidsynthase (iNOS). 3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole  Chemical Structure
  100. GC42259 3-Deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine 3-Deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine strongly inhibits lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis with low cytotoxicity when applied at 100 μM. 3-Deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine  Chemical Structure
  101. GC62794 3-Demethylcolchicine 3-Demethylcolchicin, ein Colchicin-Metabolit, besitzt eine Hydroxygruppe an seinem Kohlenstoffring, die am RadikalfÄnger teilnehmen kÖnnte und das Carrageenin-Ödem deutlich hemmt. 3-Demethylcolchicine  Chemical Structure

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