Euphol |
| Catalog No.GC38638 |
Euphol, a major constituent found in Euphorbia tirucalli effectively inhibited via a reversible mechanism, the monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) activity (IC50 = 315 nM), which is a serine hydrolase involved in the biological deactivation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol (2-AG).
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Cas No.: 514-47-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Euphol, a major constituent found in Euphorbia tirucalli effectively inhibited via a reversible mechanism, the monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) activity (IC50 = 315 nM), which is a serine hydrolase involved in the biological deactivation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol (2-AG) [1-3]. Euphol exhibits diverse biological activities, such as anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects[4].
Euphol-induced(0-125ug/ml) poptosis revealed by elevated caspase 3/7 activity, was correlated with a significant inhibition of MAP kinase/Erk 1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in glioblastoma U87 MG cells[5]. Euphol(2- 60 µg/mL;72h) can inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer CS12 cells. Euphol induces ERK1/2 phosphorylation in CS12 cells[6]. In T47D human breast cancer cells, treatment of cells with different doses of euphol(0.01mM-0.3mM) for 24, 48, 72 h resulted in decreased cell viability, accompanied by G1 phase cell accumulation[7].
Euphol treatment decreased cyclin D1 expression and low phosphorylation of Rb. Euphol(10 mg/kg; p.o.) attenuates the clinical signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), It inhibited EAE induced dyskinesia [8].Mice treated with euphol (30 mg/kg；p.o.) were protected from marked body weight loss and recovered a healthy appearance that was similar to that of control healthy mice (non-colitic) [9].
References:
[1]. Dutra RC, SimÃo da Silva KA, et,al. Euphol, a tetracyclic triterpene produces antinociceptive effects in inflammatory and neuropathic pain: the involvement of cannabinoid system. Neuropharmacology. 2012 Sep;63(4):593-605. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.05.008. Epub 2012 May 18. PMID: 22613837.
[2]. King AR, Dotsey EY, et,al. Discovery of potent and reversible monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitors. Chem Biol. 2009 Oct 30;16(10):1045-52. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2009.09.012. PMID: 19875078; PMCID: PMC3034734.
[3]. King AR, Duranti A, et,al. URB602 inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase and selectively blocks 2-arachidonoylglycerol degradation in intact brain slices. Chem Biol. 2007 Dec;14(12):1357-65. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2007.10.017. PMID: 18096504; PMCID: PMC2225625.
[4]. Kasperczyk H, La Ferla-BrÜhl K, et,al. Betulinic acid as new activator of NF-kappaB: molecular mechanisms and implications for cancer therapy. Oncogene. 2005 Oct 20;24(46):6945-56. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208842. PMID: 16007147.
[5]. Gade IS, ChadÉneau C, et,al.Induces Apoptosis and Affects Signaling Proteins in Glioblastoma and Prostate Cancer Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2022 Dec 1;23(12):4205-4212. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.12.4205. PMID: 36580003; PMCID: PMC9971480.
[6]. Lin MW, Lin AS, et,al. Euphol from Euphorbia tirucalli selectively inhibits human gastric cancer cell growth through the induction of ERK1/2-mediated apoptosis. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012 Dec;50(12):4333-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.05.029. Epub 2012 May 23. PMID: 22634261.
[7]. Wang L, Wang G, et,al. Euphol arrests breast cancer cells at the G1 phase through the modulation of cyclin D1, p21 and p27 expression. Mol Med Rep. 2013 Oct;8(4):1279-85. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1650. Epub 2013 Aug 22. PMID: 23969579.
[8]. Dutra RC, de Souza PR, et,al. Euphol prevents experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice: evidence for the underlying mechanisms. Biochem Pharmacol. 2012 Feb 15;83(4):531-42. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2011.11.026. Epub 2011 Dec 1. PMID: 22155310.
[9]. Dutra RC, Claudino RF, et,al. Preventive and therapeutic euphol treatment attenuates experimental colitis in mice. PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27122. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027122. Epub 2011 Nov 2. PMID: 22073270; PMCID: PMC3206917.
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Kinase experiment: [1,2]: |
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Preparation method |
Samples containing either euphol, MGL (1.4 pM), or both euphol and MGL were incubated at 37℃ for 30 min in assay buffer. At various time points, the reaction was stopped with an equal volume of ice-cold methanol and was directly analyzed in positive ionization mode by LC/MS. |
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Applications |
Euphol inhibits MGL protein with an IC50 of 315±1 nM. |
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Cell experiment [3]: |
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Cell lines |
Gastric cancer CS12 cells |
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Preparation method |
Samples containing either euphol, MGL (1.4 pM), or both euphol and MGL were incubated at 37℃ for 30 min in assay buffer. |
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Reaction Conditions |
2- 60 µg/mL；72h |
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Applications |
Euphol inhibits MGL protein with an IC50 of 315±1 nM. |
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Animal experiment [4]: |
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Animal models |
Male CD1 mice (8-10 weeks of age) |
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Preparation method |
Mices were orally treated by gavage with 3, 10, or 30 mg/kg of euphol twice a day from day 0 to day 7 (preventive treatment) or with 30 mg/kg from day 3 to day 7 (therapeutic treatment). |
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Dosage form |
3, 10, or 30 mg/kg；p.o.；7 day |
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Applications |
Euphol treatment alleviates the severity of DSS-induced acute colitis in mice. |
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References: [1]. King AR, Duranti A,et,al. URB602 inhibits monoacylglycerol lipase and selectively blocks 2-arachidonoylglycerol degradation in intact brain slices. Chem Biol. 2007 Dec;14(12):1357-65. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2007.10.017. PMID: 18096504; PMCID: PMC2225625. [2].King AR, Dotsey EY, et,al.Discovery of potent and reversible monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitors. Chem Biol. 2009 Oct 30;16(10):1045-52. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2009.09.012. PMID: 19875078; PMCID: PMC3034734. [3]. Lin MW, Lin AS, et,al. Euphol from Euphorbia tirucalli selectively inhibits human gastric cancer cell growth through the induction of ERK1/2-mediated apoptosis. Food Chem Toxicol. 2012 Dec;50(12):4333-9. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.05.029. Epub 2012 May 23. PMID: 22634261. [4].Dutra RC, Claudino RF, et,al. Preventive and therapeutic euphol treatment attenuates experimental colitis in mice. PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e27122. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027122. Epub 2011 Nov 2. PMID: 22073270; PMCID: PMC3206917. |
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| Cas No. | 514-47-6 | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | C[C@@]1(CC2)[C@@](CC[C@]1([C@H](C)CC/C=C(C)/C)[H])(C)C3=C2[C@]4(C)[C@](CC3)([H])C(C)(C)[C@@H](O)CC4 | ||
| Formula | C30H50O | M.Wt | 426.72 |
| Solubility | DMSO : 25 mg/mL (58.59 mM; Need ultrasonic) | Storage | -20°C, protect from light |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.3435 mL | 11.7173 mL | 23.4346 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.4687 mL | 2.3435 mL | 4.6869 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.2343 mL | 1.1717 mL | 2.3435 mL |
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- Purity: >98.00%
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Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 11 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
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