Imidacloprid |
| Catalog No.GC30895 |
A neonicotinoid insecticide
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 138261-41-3
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Imidacloprid is an effective and widely used neonicotinoid pesticide to control pests of cereals, vegetables, tea and cotton.
Insulin stimulated glucose uptake is reduced by imidacloprid in adipocytes (3T3-L1), hepatocytes (HepG2), and myotubes (C2C12) cell culture models. Treatment with imidacloprid reduced phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT), one of the major regulators of insulin signaling, without changing overall AKT expression. imidacloprid reduced phosphorylation of ribosomal S6 kinase (S6K), which is a downstream target of AKT and also a feed-back inhibitor of insulin signaling[1].
Imidacloprid in high doses causes deterioration in cognitive functions particularly in infant rats, and this deterioration may be associated with changes in the expressions of related genes. Learning activities are diminished significantly at 2 and 8 mg/kg doses in the infant model groups and at 8 mg/kg dose in adult rats. Also, expression levels of GRIN1, SYP and GAP-43 are found to be insignificantly altered[2]. Early developmental exposure to imidacloprid has both early-life and persisting effects on neurobehavioral function in zebrafish. In larvae, developmental imidacloprid exposure at both doses significantly decreased swimming activity. In adolescent and adult fish, developmental exposure to imidacloprid significantly decreased novel tank exploration and increased sensorimotor response to startle stimuli[3]. Decrease in the body weight gain is observed at 20 mg/kg/day and at necropsy the relative body weights of liver, kidney and adrenal is also significantly increased at this dose level. The spontaneous locomotor activity is also decreased at highest dose exposure where as there are no significant changes in hematological and urine parameters. The brain, liver and kidney of rats exposed with high dose of imidacloprid has showed mild pathological changes[4]. Imidacloprid at 20 mg/kg has produced significant changes in SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, LPO in liver; SOD, CAT, and GPx in brain and LPO in kidney[5]. Imidacloprid at high dose, specifically suppresses cell-mediated immune response as is evident from decreased DTH response and decreased stimulation index of T-lymphocytes to PHA. Prominent histopathological alterations are also observed in spleen and liver. Histopathological analysis of footpad sections of mice reveal dose-related suppression of DTH response[6].
[1]. Kim J, et al. Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, induces insulin resistance. J Toxicol Sci. 2013;38(5):655-60. [2]. Kara M, et al. Insecticide imidacloprid influences cognitive functions and alters learning performance and related gene expression in a rat model. Int J Exp Pathol. 2015 Oct;96(5):332-7. [3]. Crosby EB, et al. Neurobehavioral impairments caused by developmental imidacloprid exposure in zebrafish. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2015 May-Jun;49:81-90. [4]. Bhardwaj S, et al. A 90 days oral toxicity of imidacloprid in female rats: morphological, biochemical and histopathological evaluations. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 May;48(5):1185-90. [5]. Kapoor U, et al. Effect of imidacloprid on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in female rats to derive its No Observed Effect Level (NOEL). J Toxicol Sci. 2010 Aug;35(4):577-81. [6]. Badgujar PC, et al. Immunotoxic effects of imidacloprid following 28 days of oral exposure in BALB/c mice. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2013 May;35(3):408-18.
Animal experiment: | Rats: Adult females are divided into four groups. One group is served as control and is given corn oil as vehicle through gavage. Three groups are given 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg/day imidacloprid to female rats for 90 days. Body weight, food consumption and clinical signs of toxicity are recorded throughout the period of experiment. Urine is collected at initial and 90 days for urine analysis. Individual animals from each group are weighed weekly and body weight is recorded[4]. Mice: Imidacloprid is administered orally daily at 10, 5, or 2.5mg/kg over 28 days. Specific parameters of humoral and cellular immune response including hemagglutinating antibody (HA) titer to sheep red blood cells (SRBC; T-dependent antigen), delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to SRBC, and T-lymphocyte proliferation in response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) are evaluated[6]. |
References: [1]. Kim J, et al. Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, induces insulin resistance. J Toxicol Sci. 2013;38(5):655-60. | |
| Cas No. | 138261-41-3 | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | O=[N+](/N=C1NCCN\1CC2=CC=C(Cl)N=C2)[O-] | ||
| Formula | C9H10ClN5O2 | M.Wt | 255.66 |
| Solubility | DMSO : ≥ 300 mg/mL (1173.43 mM) | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
||
| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.9114 mL | 19.5572 mL | 39.1144 mL |
| 5 mM | 782.3 μL | 3.9114 mL | 7.8229 mL |
| 10 mM | 391.1 μL | 1.9557 mL | 3.9114 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
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Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 12 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
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