In recent years, three types of innovative drugs (targets), namely ADCs, GLP-1 and PROTACs, have attracted much attention in the field of drug research and development. Whether through pipeline acquisitions or independent research and development, major pharmaceutical companies have been actively making arrangements. Especially the first two types of drugs have entered the "harvest period", with new drugs being approved from time to time.

AKT (PKB or Rac) is a serine/threonine kinase located at the core node of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway (PAM pathway), regulating basic functions such as transcription, translation, proliferation, growth, and apoptosis of cells. AKT has three subtypes: Akt1, Akt2, and Akt3. The PH domain (pleckstrin homology domain) of AKT specifically binds to PIP2 and PIP3, allowing AKT to be localized on the cell membrane. Subsequently, the kinase domain transfers the phosphate group of ATP to the substrate threonine for phosphorylation.

PI3K-Akt 신호전달 경로（포스포틸이노시톨 3-키나제-단백질키나제 b 신호전달 경로）는 매우 중요한 세포 내 신호전달 경로로 PI3K와 단백질 Akt로 구성된 세포 내 신호전달 경로를 가라킵니다. 이 경로는 세포의 성장, 증식, 생존, 대사, 이동 및 혈관생성 등 많은 생리적 과정에서 핵심적인 역할을 합니다. 이 경로의 비정상적인 활성화는 특히 암을 포함한 다양한 질병의 발생과 진행과 밀접한 관련이 있습니다.