- Cat.No. 상품명 정보
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GC90298
Glp-Amyloid-β (3-40) Peptide (human) (trifluoroacetate salt)
아밀로이드-β의 펩타이드 단편
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GC90286
Amyloid-β (1-28) Peptide (human) (trifluoroacetate salt)
28개의 아미로이드-β 단백질 조각
- GA23607 Thrombin Receptor Antagonist The peptide T1, MSRPACPNDKYE, is based on the sequence of the thrombin receptor domain that functions as a tethered ligand for the receptor itself. T1 has been selected from a phage peptide library as an inhibitor of thrombin triggered platelet aggregation, serotonin release and tyrosine phosphorylation. Its anti-aggregatory activity was about ten-fold higher than that of the previously reported peptide antagonists of the thrombin receptor. MSRPACPNDKYE has served as model peptide in protein modification and MS studies.
- GA23575 Tachyplesin I Tachyplesin I is an antimicrobial peptide originally detected in the extract of hemocytes from the Japanese horseshoe crab. It inhibits the growth of both Gramnegative and -positive bacteria and forms a complex with bacterial lipopolysaccharides. These results suggest that this peptide belongs to the family of arthropodous peptide antibiotics. Furthermore this peptide has been shown to have antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus, influenza A virus and HIV-1.
- GA23378 Prepro-Atrial Natriuretic Factor (26-55) (human) Prepro-atrial natriuretic factor (26-55) (human) (NT-pro-ANP (1-30)) is one of four peptide hormones derived from the atrial natriuretic prohormone. It is also known as long acting natriuretic peptide. The peptide has potent vasodilatory properties equal to atrial natriuretic factor. Vasodilation is associated with a 4-5 fold increase in cyclic GMP levels due to activation of particulate guanylate cyclase activity. Like prepro-atrial natriuretic factor (56-92) and kaliuretic peptide it is present in higher concentration in individuals with congestive heart failure. It causes the maximal increase in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels of the three peptides. The known increase in PGE2 in chronic heart failure may be in part secondary to these peptides.
- GA22468 H-Gly-His-Arg-Pro-NH₂ The central E region of fibrin contains two sets of polymerization knobs, A and B, that are cryptic in fibrinogen but become exposed after thrombin cleavage of fibrinopeptide A (FpA) and fibrinopeptide B (FpB) from the N-terminus of the Aα- and Bβ-chains, respectively. The location of the binding holes and possible models for knob-hole interactions are known from X-ray crystallographic studies using synthetic peptide analogs of knobs A and B. When fibrinogen fragment D and double-D are crystallized in the presence of both peptide analogs, the knob A peptide mimic H-Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro-NH? (GPRP-amide, H-1998) forms H-bond interactions with residues γ364Asp, γ330Asp, γ329Gln, and γ340His found in hole a. In the same manner, the knob B peptide mimic H-Gly-His-Arg-Pro-NH? (GHRP-amide, H-7318) interacts with residues Bβ397Glu, Bβ398Asp, and Bβ432Asp in hole b.
- GA21557 Fmoc-Cys(4-methoxytrityl)-OH 4-Methoxytrityl (Mmt) is a very acid-sensitive cysteine protecting group that can selectively be removed by 0.5-1.0% TFA in the presence of scavengers, e.g. TES. Protecting groups of the t-butyl type and S-Trt are left intact under these conditions. Cleavage and cyclization can be achieved concomitantly by adding iodine. It can be used in the solid-phase synthesis of cysteine-containing peptides, and further to selectively deprotect a thiol function in order to introduce a labeling group. Rijkers et al. employed p-methoxytrityl protection for obtaining S-palmitoylated peptides on-resin. The high acid lability of Cys(Mmt) was exploited by Roberts et al. to obtain a library of thioether-linked cyclic peptides. Arendt et al. employed Cys(Mmt) for the synthesis of peptides containing cysteic acid by selective deblocking and oxidation of the thiol moiety with performic acid. Mmt is fully stable to HOBt.
- GA21423 ent-[Amyloid β-Protein (20-16)]-β-Ala-D-Lys(ent-[Amyloid β-Protein (16-20)]) This all-D peptide contains two retro-inverso peptide klvff motifs of KLVFF (H-3682) corresponding to amino acids 16 to 20 of amyloid β-protein. The tandem dimer retro-inverso peptide showed about a 100-fold higher binding affinity (Kd = 1.3 . 10?² µM) for amyloid β-protein (1-40) fibrils than KLVFF (Kd = 1.1 ± 0.3 µM). It was also found to be more effective in preventing ordered fibril formation than the parent peptide KLVFF as judged by its increased ability to inhibit thioflavin T binding to β-sheet structures.
- GA23669 Xanthenyl linker resin (200-400 mesh, 0.4-0.7 mmol/g) Sieber amide resin has been developed for the Fmoc-SPPS of fully t-butyl protected peptide amides. Cleavage can be achieved with 1% TFA in methylene chloride. Scavengers may be required. As N-methylation increases the acid-lability of the peptide bond, Malakoutikhah et al. employed Sieber resin for obtaining short peptide amides containing multiple MePhe residues.
- GA23486 RVG-9R Chimeric rabies virus glycoprotein fragment peptide (RVG-9R peptide) was able to bind and transduce siRNA to neuronal cells in vitro, resulting in efficient gene silencing. Repeated administration of RVG-9R-bound siRNA did not induce inflammatory cytokines nor anti-peptide antibodies.
- GA23481 RFRP-3 (rat) RFRP-3 belongs to a family of RFamide peptides termed RFamide-related peptides (RFRPs), reported to be present in the mammalian brain. The preproprotein of rat RFRPs contains two putative peptides RFRP-1 and RFRP-3 and it could be demonstrated by K.Ukena et al., that the octadecapeptide ANMEAGTMSHFPSLPQRF represents the mature form of RFPR-3 in the rat hypothalamus.
- GA23098 IFN-γ Antagonist This peptide derived from the ligand binding site of the human γ-interferon (IFN-γ) receptor is an antagonist of human IFN-γ. It inhibited human IFN-γ-induced expression of HLR/DR antigen on Colo 205 cells with an approximate IC?? of 35 µM. Immobilized peptide specifically bound recombinant human IFN-γ (H-1728). Tyrosine substitution at residue 121 allowed facile quantification and conjugation of the peptide.
- GA22331 Hepcidin-25 (human) Hepcidin-25 (hepatic bactericidal protein), also referred to as LEAP-1 (liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide) has been independently discovered by two groups in human blood ultrafiltrate and urine. The peptide which is predominantly expressed in the liver, belongs to a new vertebrate family of small antimicrobial peptides that contain 8 cysteine residues and show significant antibacterial and antifungal activity. Further investigations revealed that hepicidin is the principal iron-regulatory hormone in humans. Hepcidin acts by binding to the iron exporter ferroportin, inducing its internalization and degradation, thereby blocking cellular iron efflux. Nemeth et al. demonstrated that the N-terminal part of the peptide hormone is essential for its activity. Former CAS-number 342790-21-0.
- GA21826 Fmoc-Tyr(malonyl-di-OtBu)-OH The phosphotyrosine-mimicking amino acid Fmoc-Tyr(malonyl-di-OtBu)-OH can be used as a building block for the synthesis of cell-permeable protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitors. The effect of a malonyl-tyrosine containing peptide on PTP 1B catalyzed insulin receptor dephosphorylation has been examined and it was shown that this peptide inhibited PTP 1B 20 times more potently than the corresponding phosphotyrosine containing peptide.
- GA21782 Fmoc-Pra-OH Building block for the synthesis of precursor peptides for tritiation, and for "click chemistry". Pra-containing peptides have been modified by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, e.g. with alkyl azides. Peptides containing a Pra residue and an α-azido acid have been cyclized in the presence of CuBr/Na-ascorbate via triazole formation. Educt for the synthesis of Phe-derivatives by rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition.
- GA21256 Cecropin P1 Cecropin P1 (SWLSKTAKKLENSAKKRISEGIAIAIQGGPR), a homolog of insect cecropins isolated from pig intestine, was thought to be the first mammalian antimicrobial peptide. Later studies showed that the peptide is produced by the intestinal parasitic nematode Ascaris suum. The 31 amino acid peptide is highly potent against Gram-negative bacteria but has a reduced activity against Gram-positive bacteria. A disruptive effect on bacterial membranes has been proposed as mechanism of antimicrobial activity.
- GA21254 Cecropin A (1-7)-Melittin A (2-9) amide Cecropin A (1-7)-Melittin A (2-9) amide, also referred to as CAMEL0, is a synthetic hybrid peptide that is composed of portions of the naturally occurring antibiotic peptide cecropin A and melittin. CAMEL0 shows a better antimicrobial activity than the native molecules, but lacks the hemolytic properties of melittin. Studies revealed that the range of its antimicrobial activity is not only restricted to aerobic microorganisms but also included several gram-negative and gram-positive anaerobic microorganisms. Through its ascertained broad spectrum of antibiotic activity, this hybrid peptide may also represent an effective substitute for ciprofloxacin in the treatment of anthrax infections.
- GA20777 Apelin-36 (1-16) amide (human) SCNH2 ("selective apelin-36 cutting and amidation" peptide) is apelin-36-derived secondary bioactive peptide, highly expressed in human tumors and placenta and in mouse embryonic tissues. The peptide amide is mitogenic and chemotactic in normal and malignant cells and augments angiogenesis. SCNH2 is substantially more potent and sensitive than apelin-13 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A.
- GA20697 Alarin (human) Alarin, APAHRSSTFPKWVTKTERGRQPLRS, is derived from a splice variant of galanin-like peptide (GALP) RNA. It shows potent and dose-dependent vasoconstrictor and anti-edema activity in the cutaneous microvasculature, as was also observed with other members of the galanin peptide family. Since alarin only shares five amino acids with GALP it is unlikely that the peptide can activate GALP-specific receptors. The neuropeptide has been reported to be expressed in ganglionic cells of human neuroblastic tumors and might therefore represent a potential tumor marker. glpbio provides this product solely for uses within the scope of any statute or law providing for an immunity, exemption, or exception to patent infringement ("Exempted Uses"), including but not limited to 35 U.S.C. § 271(e)(1) in the United States, the Bolar type exemption in Europe, and any corresponding exception to patent infringement in any other country. It is the sole responsibility of the purchaser or user of this product, and the purchaser or user of this product agrees to engage only in such Exempted Uses, and to comply with all applicable intellectual property laws and/or regulations. The purchaser of this product agrees to indemnify glpbio against all claims in connection with the performance of the respective commercial agreement (e.g. supply agreement) and possible infringements of intellectual property rights.
- GA20422 4-Methyl-benzhydrylamine resin (200-400 mesh, 0.70-1.30 mmol/g) . HCl BHA resin turned out to be not sufficiently acid-labile for obtaining peptide amides with sterically hindered C-termini (e.g. Phe, Leu) applying standard cleavage conditions. Introduction of a 4-methyl substituent sufficiently increased the acid-lability of the peptide-resin linkage. Cleavage can be achieved with HF, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid or tetrafluoroboronic acid/thioanisole in TFA using scavengers such as m-cresol and ethanedithiol. This resin has been employed by Pei et al. in the synthesis of quinolinones from β-lactams, and in the conversion of linear peptide amides to cyclic ureas or thioureas.
- GA20188 (Glu¹⁷·²¹·²⁴)-Osteocalcin (1-49) (human) The peptide hormone osteocalcin is involved not only in bone formation, it also plays an important role in glucose metabolism and could regulate testosteron. In mice, only the completely decarboxylated form of the peptide shows the latter hormonal activities, whereas in humans, osteocalcin, partially decarboxylated osteocalcins, and the uncarboxylated peptide seem to be involved. Generally, obese individuals have been shown to have lower osteocalcin(s) levels than non-obese controls, and type 2 diabetic individuals have lower plasma osteocalcin than non-diabetic individuals.
- GA20182 (Gln²²)-Amyloid β-Protein (1-40) The Dutch mutation (E22Q) of amyloid β-peptide aggregates more readily than the wild-type peptide and the resulting fibrils show increased neurotoxicity. The mutant peptide E22Q induced apoptosis of cerebral endothelial cells at a concentration of 25 μm, whereas WT Aβ 1-40 and the Italian mutant E22K (H-6698) showed no effect.
- GC43764 GLP-2 (human) (trifluoroacetate salt) Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is an endogenous peptide hormone formed in L cells of the small and large intestine by cleavage of proglucagon in response to nutrient ingestion.
- GC43567 DPC-AJ1951 (trifluoroacetate salt) DPC-AJ1951 is a peptide agonist of the parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide receptor (PPR; EC50 = 0.15 nM in HEK293 cells expressing human PPR).
- GC43130 CALP3 (trifluoroacetate salt) CALP3 is a calcium-like peptide that contains the first eight residues of CALP2, which is a 12-residue peptide that interacts with EF hand motif 4 in human calmodulin to activate it in the absence of calcium.
- GA23997 α-Synuclein (45-54) (human) Aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) into toxic fibrils is a pathogenic hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). Most early onset mutations are located between residues 46-53. The sequence of α-synuclein (45-54) was used by Cheruvara and coworkers as a template for a peptide library. The authors isolated a 10-residue peptide antagonist that potently inhibits α-synuclein aggregation and associated toxicity at 1:1 stoichiometry.
- GA23661 Uroguanylin Topoisomer A (human) Uroguanylin belongs to the guanylin family of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) regulating peptides. This family of peptides shows homology to the heat stable enterotoxins produced by strains of Escherichia coli and other enteric bacteria that cause a secretory form of diarrhea. Along with the isolation of uroguanylin from urine and the subsequent demonstration of its natriuretic activity by direct effects on the kidney, uroguanylin has been suggested to play a role in the physiological maintenance of sodium balance in vivo. Uroguanylin activation of the guanylate cyclase-C/cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway elicited analgesic effects in animal models of colonic hypersensitivity, unraveling a novel pathway to treat abdominal pain (Silos-Santiago et al. (2013)).
- GA23609 Thymic Factor For exerting its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity, the peptide hormone thymulin, pEAKSQGGSN, requires the presence of Zn(II). Thymulin showed promising results in experimental models of lung diseases as well as potential as an analgesic peptide.
- GA23608 Thrombospondin-1 (1016-1023) (human, bovine, mouse) The octapeptide RFYVVMWK constitutes the active sequence within the 30-mer peptide named C? as it is essential for the cell attachment activity of the TS1 CBD. It supports the attachment of G361 melanoma cells and inhibits their adhesion to the rec CBD of TS1. Moreover, this peptide appears to be highly conserved in all TS1 isoforms, and a related sequence is also present in the fragment F9 of laminin. H-1414 (4N1) has been used as CD47 agonist (see also H-6414).
- GA23388 Prokineticin 2 Isoform 2 (human) Prokineticin 2 (Bv8) is one of the first neuropeptides that appears to directly convey circadian rhythm signaling to other CNS structures and, therefore, it may be a critical output molecule regulating biological rhythms. The peptide has the capacity to strongly suppress nocturnal locomotor activity. Prokineticin 2 transmits the behavioural circadian rhythm of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The peptide binds to the G-protein-coupled receptor PKR2. Gardiner et al. showed that prokineticin 2 potently inhibits food intake.
- GA23385 Proadrenomedullin (12-20) (human) The proadrenomedullin fragment 12-20 has vasodepressor activity in the rat and cat. Proadrenomedullin (12-20) (PAMP 12-20) was approximately 3-fold less potent than the full-sequence peptide, but the duration of the vasodepressor response to this fragment and to the full-sequence peptide was similar.
- GA23382 Preptin (human) Preptin is a 34-amino acid peptide hormone, corresponding to Asp??-Leu¹?² of the proinsulin-like growth factor II E-peptide. It is co-secreted with insulin and amylin from the pancreatic β-cells and is a physiological amplifier of glucose-mediated insulin secretion. It is also anabolic to bone tissue and may contribute to the preservation of bone mass observed in hyperinsulinemic states such as obesity.
- GA23377 Prepro-Atrial Natriuretic Factor (104-123) (human) Kaliuretic peptide (NT-pro-ANP (79-98)) is one of the proteolysis products of atrial natriuretic factor prohormone, which is synthesized in the heart. Kaliuretic peptide has the strongest potassium excreting properties of all atrial natriuretic peptides in humans. In addition, NT-pro-ANP (79-98) has blood pressure-lowering and diuretic properties.
- GA23367 PHI-27 (porcine) Porcine intestinal peptide which belongs to the glucagon-secretin family. It exhibits biological activities similar to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and secretin.
- GA23322 Orcokinin The myotropic peptide orcokinin was isolated from abdominal nerve cords of the crayfish, Orconectes limosus. Its structure has no relationship to any known peptide family. Orcokinin proved to be a highly potent stimulator of hindgut contractions.
- GA23209 Myosin Light Chain Kinase (480-501) This peptide inhibited calmodulin-dependent activation of the smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase with an IC?? of 46 nM. At saturating concentrations of calmodulin, it inhibited myosin light chain and synthetic peptide substrate phosphorylation competitively with IC?? values of 2.7 and 0.9 µM, respectively.
- GA23028 H-Val-Tyr-Val-OH VYV was used as internal standard peptide in urine analysis by LC-MS. The tripeptide is used in peptide standard mixtures for HPLC. Peptidic compound in various cosmetic formulations.
- GA22977 H-Tyr-Ile-Tyr-Gly-Ser-Phe-Lys-OH The octapeptide YIYGSFK selected from a random combinatorial peptide library is a much more specific and efficient substrate for the Src-family protein tyrosine kinase than cdc2 (6-20), a peptide derived from 34p cdc2. Its Km value for p60 c-src (55 µM) is about 6.4-fold lower than that of the cdc2 (6-20) substrate.
- GA22919 H-Thr-Asn-Arg-Asn-Phe-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH₂ FMRF-like peptide F1 (TNRNFLRFamide), a peptide isolated from lobster, had powerful effects on the phasic extensor muscle.
- GA22891 H-Ser-Ile-Gly-Ser-Leu-Ala-Lys-OH The tryptic peptide SIGSLAK originally isolated from E. coli contains the active site of penicillin-binding protein 1b. SIGSLAK has found use as model peptide, e.g., for method development in mass spectrometry or chromatography.
- GA22884 H-Ser-Asp-Gly-Arg-Gly-OH SDGRG represents a scrambled RGD peptide, the reverted sequence of H-1345. Used as control peptide for RGDS and GRGDS.
- GA22594 Hispidalin This bioactive peptide was purified from the seeds of the medicinal plant B. hispida. Referring to the published results of Sharma and coworkers, this novel peptide showed broad and potent inhibitory effects against various human bacterial and fungal pathogens; its growth inhibition was significantly comparable with commercial antibacterial and antifungal drugs.
- GA22097 H-Arg-Val-Leu-psi(CH₂NH)Phe-Glu-Ala-Nle-NH₂ The peptide RVL-psi[CH2NH]FEA-Nle-amide containing a reduced peptide bond was found to be a competitive inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease (Ki = 50 nM).
- GA22051 H-Arg(NO₂)-pNA · HBr Building block for the synthesis of peptide p-nitroanilide substrates containing a C-terminal Arg. The nitro group of the guanidyl residue can be removed by treating the blocked peptide with HF at 0 °C for 40 min.
- GA21861 Fmoc-β-(7-methoxy-coumarin-4-yl)-Ala-OH Fmoc-protected coumarinyl alanine derivative useful for the incorporation of a fluorescent label into a peptide sequence during solid (SPPS) or solution phase peptide synthesis.
- GA21783 Fmoc-Pro-DHPP resin (200-400 mesh, 0.4-0.7 mmol/g) DHPP-resin, i.e. 4-(1',1'-dimethyl-1'-hydroxypropyl)phenoxyacetyl-alanyl-aminomethyl resin, has been developed especially for the synthesis of peptides containing a C-terminal proline. The bulkiness of the linker prevents diketopiperazine formation. As the esterification of Fmoc-Pro-OH (yielding a modified t-butyl ester) is impeded as well, the resin is offered as loaded derivative. Peptides can be cleaved from this resin applying the standard protocols for the cleavage from Wang resin. Fmoc-Pro-DHPP-resin is an alternative to H-Pro-ClTrt-resin (D-2000) not only if an increased acid stability is required. The resin is more polar than 2-chlorotrityl resin and the Pro residue is more accessible.
- GA21644 Fmoc-D-Pra-OH Building block for the synthesis of precursor peptides for tritiation, and for use in "click chemistry". D-Pra-containing peptides can be modified or cyclized by 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, e.g. with alkyl azides. Fmoc-D-Pra-OH can be used for obtaining aryl-modified D-Phe derivatives via rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2]-cycloaddition.
- GA21547 Fmoc-Asp-OMpe Derivative for synthesizing β-Asp peptides. Use of OMpe in place of OtBu significantly reduces aspartimide formation, a notorious base-catalyzed side-chain reaction observed with both linear and branched Asp-containing peptides during Fmoc-SPPS.
- GA21489 Fmoc-4-methoxy-4'-(γ-carboxypropyloxy)-benzhydrylamine linked to Alanyl-aminomethyl resin (200-400 mesh, 0.3-0.6 mmol/g) Resin for Fmoc-synthesis of C-terminally amidated peptides. Peptides are cleaved by trifluoroacetic acid. Scavengers may be required.
- GA21475 Fmoc-2,4-dimethoxy-4'-(carboxymethyloxy)-benzhydrylamine This Fmoc-amide linker (often called Knorr linker or Rink amide linker (RAM)) consists of a substituted benzhydrylamine residue attached to a moiety which can be coupled to commercially available amino-functionalized resins. It constitutes a very useful anchor group for solid phase peptide synthesis, from which the peptide is cleaved by TFA as an amide. For Fmoc-Rink amide AM resin see D-1675.
- GA21458 Fibronectin Fragment (1376-1380) The short peptide PHSRN has been identified in the 9th type III fibronectin repeat as a key site for synergistic enhancement of the cell-adhesive activity of the RGD sequence in the 10th type III repeat. However, this synthetic peptide mediated a synergistic enhancement of cell-adhesive activity only when it was covalently linked to the corresponding site of a non-active recombinant construct consisting of the 8th and 10th type III fibronectin repeats. Miyamoto et al. observed that PHSRN ameliorates the inhibitory effects of conventional peritoneal dialysis fluids on peritoneal wound healing.
- GA21427 Epinecidin-1 Epinecidin-1 is an antimicrobial peptide with antitumor and antiviral activity. It corresponds to positions 22-42 of the grouper (Epinephelus coioides) epinecidin-1 and shows structural homology to pleurocidin found in the winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus). The synthetic peptide Epinecidin-1 has the potential to serve as a therapeutic drug for use against bacterial infectious diseases.
- GA21420 Endotoxin Inhibitor The cyclic peptide KTKCKFLKKC has ben shown to form a strong complex with lipid A, the toxic component of the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with Ka = 0.56 . 10? M?¹. It detoxifies LPS in vitro and prevents LPS-induced cytokine release and lethality in vivo. Furthermore, it shows neither antibiotic activity nor toxicity and might therefore be useful in the prophylaxis and treatment of LPS-mediated diseases. KTKCKFLKKC bears a structural resemblance to the peptide antibiotic and endotoxin inhibitor polymyxin B. It could be of use as an adjuvant for antibiotic therapy.
- GA21300 Cyclo(-Arg-Ala-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) c(RADfC), control peptide for the αvβ3 integrin binding cyclic RGD peptide c(RGDfC).
- GA21282 Cortistatin-17 (human) Cortistatin-17 shows structural similarities to somatostatin. The peptide binds to all somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTR) in a similar way as the rat cortistatin. Its inhibitory effects on forskolin-stimulated cAMP production in chinese hamster ovary cells expressing SSTR2-5 are dose dependent but slightly less efficient than that of somatostatin-14. Like the rat cortistatin it has an effect on sleep and wakefulness pattern in rat. It decreases the light slow wave sleep (SWS1) and increases the deep slow wave sleep (SWS2) in a dose dependent manner. Administration of the peptide causes a temporary flattening of cortical and hippocampal electroencephalograms.
- GA21192 Buccalin This modulatory neuropeptide has been colocalized with the small cardioactive peptides A and B to a single cholinergic motor neuron of Aplysia californica. Unlike the small cardioactive peptides, it seems to act presynaptically on the nerve terminals to inhibit acetylcholine release.
- GA20922 Boc-Cys(Me)-OH Educt for the synthesis of potential inhibitors of the glycosphingolipid biosynthesis (Brenner-Weiss et al.). Cys(Me) (Smc) can be incorporated in peptides as precursor of dehydroalanine. Dha-containing peptides are key intermediates in the synthesis of lantibiotics.
- GA20739 Amyloid β-Protein (1-6) amide Experiments using sub-peptides of Aβ42 revealed that the epitope identified by the antibody A8, as described by Ying and coworkers, lies within the 1-6 region of Aβ. The antibody displays high affinity for soluble Aβ42 oligomers in the molecular weight range of 16.5-25 kDa, and detected target antigen in brain sections from senescence-accelerated SAMP 8 mice. Amidated or acetylated and amidated forms of the sequence were used for example for quantitative structure retention relationships (QSRR) experiments. The latter could allow prediction of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) retention of peptides, as reported by Kaliszan and coworkers.
- GA20727 Amyloid β-Protein (1-39) Small quantities of Aβ37, 38 and 39 can be detected in CSF together with Aβ40, the most abundant Aβ homolog, Aβ42, and N-terminally truncated amyloid peptides. The relative amounts depend on the variant of Alzheimer's disease. The C-terminally truncated amyloid peptides are also found in amyloid plaques.
- GA20720 Amyloid β-Protein (10-35) Amyloid β-protein (10-35), YEVHHQKLVFFAEDVGSNKGAIIGLM, was used as a truncated peptide model for the full-length amyloid β-proteins (1-40) and (1-42) in high-resolution structural studies. In contrast to the full-length amyloid β-proteins, amyloid β-protein (10-35) allowed the controlled and reproducible formation of homogeneous fibrils from aqueous solutions of defined pH, ionic strength and soluble peptide concentration necessary for high-resolution structural studies.
- GA20565 Ac-Glu-Ser-Met-Asp-aldehyde (pseudo acid) The peptide aldehyde Ac-ESMD-CHO corresponds to one of the cleavage sites of the inactive 32 kD caspase-3 precursor (amino acids 25-28). In a concentration range of 2.5 - 5 µM, it blocked the formation of the p17 subunit and concomitantly induced the accumulation of the p20 peptide.
- GA20535 Acetyl-Amyloid β-Protein (1-6) amide Experiments using sub-peptides of Aβ42 revealed that the epitope identified by the antibody A8, as described by Ying and coworkers, lies within the 1-6 region of Aβ. The antibody displays high affinity for soluble Aβ42 oligomers in the molecular weight range of 16.5-25 kDa, and detected target antigen in brain sections from senescence-accelerated SAMP 8 mice. Amidated or acetylated and amidated forms of the sequence were used for example for quantitative structure retention relationships (QSRR) experiments. The latter could allow prediction of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) retention of peptides, as reported by Kaliszan and coworkers.
- GA20533 Acetyl-Amyloid β/A4 Protein Precursor₇₇₀ (96-110) (cyclized) This cyclized peptide which is homologous to the heparin-binding domain of APP, binds strongly to heparin and inhibits binding of ¹²?I-labeled APP to heparin (IC??= 10??M). The peptide blocks the heparan sulfate proteoglycan-dependent stimulatory effect of APP on neurite outgrowth.
- GA20526 Acetyl-(Pro¹⁸,Asp²¹)-Amyloid β-Protein (17-21) amide The pentapeptide Ac-LPFFD-NH? (iAβ5p) is an analog of product H-4876 with small chemical modifications which enhance its stability against proteolytic degradation. iAβ5p acts as a β-sheet breaker peptide and crosses the blood-brain barrier at a higher rate than most proteins and peptides known to be selectively taken up by the brain so that it is assumed that the peptide is being specifically transported to the brain. A significant increase in neuronal survival and decrease in brain inflammation associated with the reduction of amyloid plaques in two different transgenic Alzheimer`s disease (AD) models is additionally reported for iAβ5p.
- GA20491 Ac-Asp-Arg-Leu-Asp-Ser-OH The acetylated pentapeptide Ac-DRLDS inhibits tumor cell adhesion to laminin, fibronectin, vitronectin, and RGDS-IgG substrates. Ac-DRLDS also inhibits tumor cell adhesion to CS-1-IgG as well as the CS-1-derived peptide (EILDV) (H-2592), in a concentration-dependent manner. Although the inhibitory effect was less than that of EILDV, this peptide retains the properties of both RGDS and EILDV.
- GA20438 5-FAM-LL-37 FAM-labeled (ab/em = 494/518nm) LL-37. LL-37 is an antimicrobial peptide with angiogenic activity. It corresponds to the C-terminal sequence (134-170) of the human cathelicidin antimicrobial protein hCAP18/LL-37. hCAP18/LL-37 is an effector of the innate immune system and is expressed in leukocytes and epithelial cells where it is upregulated in association with inflammation and injury. An overexpression of hCAP18/LL-37 in a series of breast carcinomas could be demonstrated. LL-37 has been suggested to stimulate epithelial cell proliferation partially through formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1).
- GA20284 (Pyr³)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) (Pyr³)-Amyloid β-Protein (3-42) was found to be the predominant amyloid β-peptide structure deposited in human brain of Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome patients. Therefore, (Pyr³)-Aβ (3-42) is suggested to accumulate in the brain and to trigger the formation of insoluble amyloid β-peptide deposits. Nussbaum et al. studies the Prion-like behaviour and tau-dependent cytotoxicity of the truncated Aβ sequence.
- GA20255 (Met¹⁸⁶)-Melanocyte Protein PMEL 17 (185-193) (human, bovine, mouse) This modified sequence of the gp100 epitope gp(209-217) (H-4106), in which a methionine replaced the natural threonine at position 2, bound to the HLA-A2 molecule with greater affinity than the unmodified peptide and was shown to have an increased ability to generate melanoma-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in vitro when used for sensitization of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This synthetic peptide hold promise for the development of novel cancer immunotherapies.
- GA20241 (Lys¹⁰¹⁵·¹⁰²⁴)-Thrombospondin-1 (1015-1024) (human, bovine, mouse) Integrin-associated protein (IAP/CD47) agonist peptide, 4N1K (KRFYVVMWKK), derived from the cell binding domain of thrombospondin-1 (TS1). The peptide has been shown to stimulate integrin-dependent cell functions, including platelet aggregation.
- GA20223 (Hyp⁴⁷⁴·⁴⁷⁷,Gln⁴⁷⁹)-cyclo-α-Fetoprotein (471-479) (human, lowland gorilla) The cyclic α-fetoprotein-derived peptide analog efficiently inhibited the growth of estrogen-dependent MCF-7 human breast cancer cell xenografts. The extent of inhibition was similar to that of tamoxifen. In contrast to tamoxifen the peptide did not interfere with estrogen binding to its receptor and therefore further development of this compound might yield a new class of valuable agents for the effective treatment of breast cancer.
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GA20193
(Glu⁸·⁹)-Helodermin
(Glu⁸·⁹)-Helodermin has been isolated from the salivary gland of the Gila monster Heloderma suspectum. It consists of 35 amino acids and shares 53 and 42% homology with human pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), respectively. It was shown to have high affinity for the mammalian VIP₂ receptor and equal potency and efficacy for stimulating cAMP production compared with mammalian VIP and PACAP. Even a helodermin-preferring receptor has been described. Furthermore, immunohistochemical studies, using antibodies that did not cross-react with mammalian VIP or PACAP or other known members of the GLP-1 / VIP / PACAP peptide family suggested the existence of a mammalian homologue to (Glu⁸·⁹)-Helodermin distinct from VIP and PACAP.
- GA20189 (Glu²)-TRH Fertilization-promoting peptide (FPP), a TRH analog, was previously purified and characterized from both rabbit prostate and human semen. Nanomolar concentrations of this peptide have been shown to enhance capacitation of mouse epididymal spermatozoa with a concomitant increase in fertilizing ability. It was also detected in the thyroid gland. According to a study of Nguyen et al. Pyr-Glu-Pro-NH? opposes the cholinergic effect of TRH in the mammalian CNS: Co-perfusion with an equivalent of TRH in the rat hippocampus resulted in a significant attenuation of TRH-induced acetylcholine release.
- GA20185 (Gln⁵³)-Connexin 37 (51-58) (human, mouse, rat) MUT 1, a tumor-associated antigen peptide originally isolated from the mouse Lewis lung carcinoma, appears to be a fragment of the gap junction protein connexin 37, mutated at position 54. MUT 1 induces effective antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes and mediates protection against metastasis, as well as rejection of established metastasis. This is the first description of peptide vaccine efficacity in treatment of residual tumors.
- GA20030 (Arg⁶)-Amyloid β-Protein (1-40) The English (H6R) mutation of β-amyloid peptides accelerates fibrillation without increasing protofibril formation. Ono et al. showed that the English and Tottori mutations alter Abeta assembly at its earliest stages, monomer folding and oligomerization, and produce oligomers that are more toxic to cultured neuronal cells than are wild type oligomers. The exchange of His? by Arg influences the structure of the Cu(II) complex formed by Aβ peptides.
- GA20024 (7-Diethylaminocoumarin-3-yl)carbonyl-Amyloid β-Protein (1-40) Amyloid β-protein (1-40) that is N-terminally modified with the fluorescent dye (7-diethylaminocoumarin-3-yl)carbonyl (DAC or DEAC). This derivative can be utilized to assess the binding properties of amyloid β-protein (1-40) for various membranes since it behaves very similar to the native peptide. In aqueous environments the fluorophore is almost non-fluorescent whereas binding to membranes results in an increase in fluorescence intensity (Λex = 430 nm, Λem = 470 nm). Increases in the GM1 ganglioside and cholesterol content in the lipid bilayers facilitated the binding of this peptide. For phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine no affinity was observed.
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GC45146
VIP (human, porcine, rat, ovine) (trifluoroacetate salt)
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a peptide that acts as a neurotransmitter and hormone.
- GC44293 N-Acetyl ACTH (1-17) (human) (trifluoroacetate salt) N-Acetyl ACTH (1-17) is an N-terminal peptide fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), a peptide hormone found in the brain that is involved in the biological stress response.
- GC43384 DC4 Crosslinker DC4 crosslinker is a mass spectrometry-cleavable crosslinking reagent (18 in length) that contains two intrinsic positive charges, which allow cross-linked peptides to fragment into their component peptides by collision-induced dissociation or in-source decay.
- GC42793 Amylin (1-13) (human, mouse, rat), (trifluoroacetate salt) Amylin (1-13) is a peptide fragment of amylin , which is a peptide hormone secreted from pancreatic β-cells that reduces food intake, decreases glucagon secretion, slows gastric emptying, and increases satiety.
- GC42713 ACTH (1-10) (human, mouse, rat, porcine, bovine, ovine) (trifluoroacetate salt) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (1-10) is an N-terminal peptide fragment of ACTH, a peptide hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that is involved in the biological stress response.
- GC42488 5-Azidopentanoic Acid 5-Azidopentanoic acid is a building block for use in click chemistry reactions that enables selective conjugation of peptides with various molecules and can be used for the cyclization of peptides.
- GC40161 ACTH (4-10) (human, mouse, rat, porcine, bovine, ovine) (trifluoroacetate salt) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (4-10) is an endogenous peptide fragment of ACTH, a peptide hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that is involved in the biological stress response.
- GC40132 ACTH (6-24) (human, mouse, rat, porcine, bovine, ovine) (trifluoroacetate salt) ACTH (6-24) is a peptide fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone, a peptide hormone found in the brain that is involved in the biological stress response.
- GC16243 β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA β-Amyloid (1-42), human TFA (Amyloid β-Peptide (1-42) (human) TFA)는 알츠하이머병의 발병기전에 중요한 역할을 하는 42-아미노산 펩타이드입니다.
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GC26310
WRR139
WRR139 is a peptide vinyl sulfone that is involved in disease processes such as inflammation and cancer.
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GC26231
FOXO4-DRI
FOXO4-DRI is a cell-permeable peptide antagonist that blocks the interaction of FOXO4 and p53.
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GC26216
4-Arm PEG Acrylate
4 arm PEG derivatives have multiple reactive groups that can be used to modify proteins, peptides and other materials via their functional groups.
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GC26204
Sephadex G-200
Separation: Peptides and spherical proteins: 5000-600000; Glucan (linear molecule): 1000 to 200000
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GC26203
Sephadex G-150
Separation: Peptides and spherical proteins: 5000-40000; Glucan (linear molecule): 1000 to 150000
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GC26178
Streptavidin MagBeads
GenScript streptavidin magnetic beads are very suitable for purifying biotinylated proteins, peptides, antibodies, and oligonucleotides, as well as studying protein-protein interactions.
- GC17966 NFAT Inhibitor A peptide inhibitor of NFAT
- GC13488 R8-T198wt Cell-permeable peptide inhibitor of Pim-1 kinase, derived from p27Kip1. Inhibits Pim-1 phosphorylation of p27Kip1 and Bad;
- GB62301 BI-44370 BI-44370 is a CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) receptor antagonist that can be used to treat migraines and other chronic pain.
- GB62300 BB-83698 BB-83698 is a peptide deformylase inhibitor and potent antimicrobial with excellent activity against streptococci and Moraxella catarrhalis strains.
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GC70170
Zilucoplan
Zilucoplan (RA101495) is a 15-amino acid cyclic peptide and an effective complement component 5 (C5) inhibitor. Zilucoplan can be used in research on immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM).
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GC69927
Sontuzumab
Sontuzumab (AS1402) is a human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody specific for MUC1. Sontuzumab binds to the extracellular MUC1 peptide sequence PDTR, with a Kd of approximately 1 nM. Sontuzumab can be used in research on breast cancer.
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GC69821
RLX-33
RLX-33는 선택적이고 혈뇌장벽 투과성을 가진 Relaxin family peptide 3 (RXFP3) 억제제로, 또한 Relaxin 3 (relaxin 3) 유도 ERK1/2 인산화를 차단하며, RXFP3 및 ERK1 및 ERK2 인산화에 대한 IC50 각각은 2.36 μM, 7.82 μM 및 13.86 μM입니다. RLX-33는 RXFP3 선택적 활성제 R3/I5 유도의 쥐 식욕 증가를 차단할 수 있습니다. RLX-33는 대사 증후군 연구에 사용될 수 있습니다.
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GC69691
Pexiganan
Pexiganan (MSI 78 free base) is a synthetic analogue of magainin 2. Pexiganan is a potent and orally active broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide. Pexiganan can be used for infection-related research, such as diabetic foot ulcer infections.
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GC20215
Fequesetide
Fequesetide, a peptide segment, is the active site within the protein thymosin β4 responsible for actin binding, cell migration and wound healing.
- GA10155 Cl-HOBt Reagent to suppress racemization in peptide coupling, which is not toxic.