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Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate (lithium salt) (Synonyms: Gpp(NH)p lithium)

Catalog No.GC43798

Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate (lithium salt)은 안정적인 GTP 유사체로 아데닐산환화효소의 강력한 활성제이다.

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Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate (lithium salt) Chemical Structure

Cas No.: 64564-03-0

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Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.

Description of Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate (lithium salt)

Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate (lithium salt)은 안정적인 GTP 유사체로 아데닐산환화효소의 강력한 활성제이다. Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate은 소의 전두엽 뇌피질막에서의 α-교감신경수용체와의 (±)-[3H] 에피네프린 및 (-)-[3H] 노르에피네프린 결합을 감소시키고IC50 값은 1-10μM 범위를 보인다[1]. Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate은 트리튬화된 작용제의 고친화력 결합을 선택적이고 강력하게 억제하고 IC50 값은 0.1µM이다[2-3].

체외 실험에서 Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate과 GTP는 수컷 레인저 균주 병아리(우스터, 로스 가금류)의 신장 혈장막에서의 아데노신산 순환효소(EC4.6.1.1)의 효소 활성을 현저하게 증가시켰다[4-5]. Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate은 12분 편광 후 3.1μM 농도에서 EC50을 달성했고 기초 수준에 비해 아데닐산환화효소의 효소 활성을 8.2배(720%)증가시켰다[5]. Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate은 제노푸스 난자 추출물에서의 핵막 조립을 농도에 따라 억제했다. 3mM 농도에서 Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate은 160분 동안 양쪽 소포 융합과 핵막 형성을 완전히 차단했다. 1mM 농도로 사용할 때 Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate은 세포질 추가 후 80분 동안 소포체 융합의 개시를 지연시켰고 핵막 팽창을 현저하게 억제해서 핵막의 성장률을 6배 이상 감소시켰다[6].

References:
[1] U'Prichard D C, Snyder S H. Guanyl nucleotide influences on 3H-ligand binding to α-noradrenergic receptors in calf brain membranes[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1978, 253(10): 3444-3452.
[2] Mollereau C, Pascaud A, Baillat G, et al. 5′-Guanylylimidodiphosphate decreases affinity for agonists and apparent molecular size of a frog brain opioid receptor in digitonin solution[J]. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1988, 263(34): 18003-18008.
[3] Roy C, LE BARS N C, JARD S. Vasopressin‐Sensitive Kidney Adenylate Cyclase: Differential Effects of Monovalent Ions on Stimulation by Fluoride, Vasopressin and Guanylyl 5′‐imidodiphosphate[J]. European Journal of Biochemistry, 1977, 78(2): 325-332.
[4] ABOU-ISSA H, REICHERT JR L E O E. Modulation of follicle-stimulating hormone-sensitive rat testicular adenylate cyclase activity by guanyl nucleotides[J]. Endocrinology, 1979, 104(1): 189-193.
[5] Hunt N H, Martin T J, Michelangeli V P, et al. Effect of guanyl nucleotides on parathyroid hormone-responsive adenylate cyclase in chick kidney[J]. Journal of Endocrinology, 1976, 69(3): 401-412.
[6] Boman A L, Delannoy M R, Wilson K L. GTP hydrolysis is required for vesicle fusion during nuclear envelope assembly in vitro[J]. The Journal of cell biology, 1992, 116(2): 281-294.

Protocol of Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate (lithium salt)

세포 실험 [1]:

세포 라인

제노푸스의 난세포

제조 방법

제노푸스 난자 추출물은 세포질과 막 분획을 분리하기 위해 연속적인 원심분리 단계를 통해 준비되었습니다. 처음에 젤 제거된 제노푸스 난자는 저속 원심분리(10000g, 12분)를 거쳐 세포질 추출물을 생성했습니다. 이 후에 상청액은 초고속 원심분리(200000g, 1시간, 4°C)를 통해 막과 세포질 성분을 분리했습니다. 세포질 분획은 추가 정제(200000g, 25분)를 거쳤고 액체 질소(-80°C)에서 분할 및 보관하기 전에 ATP 재생 시스템(1 mM ATP, 50 μg/ml 크레아틴 인산화효소, 10 mM 인산염)을 보충했습니다.막 분획은 막 세척 버퍼(MWB)로 희석 후 수소 쿠션(1.3M 수소, 26600g, 15분, 4°C)을 통해 정제되었고 0.5M 수소가 포함된 MWB에서 세포질 부피의 10%에 해당하는 농도로 다시 현탁시켰습니다. 두 분획 모두 25-35 mg/ml의 단백질 농도를 보였습니다. 기능성 실험에서 해동된 막 분획은 세포질과 Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate(lithium salt)(0.1-3 mM)과 함께 23°C에서 30-180분간 배양되었습니다. 사전 배양 후 시료은 Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate(lithium salt)이 포함된 MWB로 희석되고 원심분리(20000g, 15분, 4°C)되었습니다. 처리된 막은 MWB로 원래 부피로 다시 소생시켰고 2㎕의 시료를 1㎕의 부푼 염색질과 30분간 결합시켰습니다. 이후 막 융합 활성을 반응 혼합물에 20㎕의 신선한 세포질을 추가하해서 평가했습니다.

반응 조건

0.1, 1 및 3mM; 60, 120 및 180 분 동안

응용 분야

Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate (lithium salt)은 소포 융합과 핵막 형성을 현저하게 차단했습니다.

References:
[1] Boman A L, Delannoy M R, Wilson K L. GTP hydrolysis is required for vesicle fusion during nuclear envelope assembly in vitro[J]. The Journal of cell biology, 1992, 116(2): 281-294.

Chemical Properties of Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate (lithium salt)

Cas No. 64564-03-0 SDF
Synonyms Gpp(NH)p lithium
Chemical Name 5’-guanylic acid, monoanhydride with imidodiphosphoric acid, tetralithium salt
Canonical SMILES O[C@H]1[C@H](N2C=NC3=C2N=C(N)NC3=O)O[C@H](COP(OP(NP([O-])([O-])=O)([O-])=O)([O-])=O)[C@H]1O.[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+]
Formula C10H13N6O13P3 • 4Li M.Wt 545.9
Solubility 10mg/mL in PBS, pH7.2 Storage Store at -20°C
General tips Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time.
Shipping Condition Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request.

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table of Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate (lithium salt)

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1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.8318 mL 9.1592 mL 18.3184 mL
5 mM 0.3664 mL 1.8318 mL 3.6637 mL
10 mM 0.1832 mL 0.9159 mL 1.8318 mL
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