Indoxyl Sulfate-d5 (potassium salt) |
| Catalog No.GC49290 |
An internal standard for the quantification of indoxyl sulfate
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 1644451-34-2
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Indoxyl sulfate-d5 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of indoxyl sulfate by GC- or LC-MS. Indoxyl sulfate is a uremic toxin and a metabolite of tryptophan .1 It is formed via sulfation of indole, an intermediate generated from tryptophan by intestinal bacteria, by the sulfotransferase (SULT) isoform 1A1 variant 2 (SULT1A1*2) in the liver.2,1 Indoxyl sulfate activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in HepG2 40/6 hepatoma cells (EC50 = 12.1 nM in a reporter assay).3 It also inhibits the organic anion transporter (OAT) isoforms OAT1 and OAT3 (Kis = 34.2 and 74.4 µM, respectively for the rat transporters) in S2 proximal tubule cells.4 Indoxyl sulfate (0.2 and 1 mM) increases superoxide anion and nitric oxide levels in isolated human mononuclear blood cells.5 It increases serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in the 5/6 nephrectomized rat model of chronic renal failure when administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg.4
1.Niwa, T.Uremic toxicity of indoxyl sulfateNagoya J. Med. Sci.72(1-2)1-11(2010) 2.Banoglu, E., and King, R.S.Sulfation of indoxyl by human and rat aryl (phenol) sulfotransferases to form indoxyl sulfateEur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet.27(2)135-140(2002) 3.Schroeder, J.C., Dinatale, B.C., Murray, I.A., et al.The uremic toxin 3-indoxyl sulfate is a potent endogenous agonist for the human aryl hydrocarbon receptorBiochemistry49(2)393-400(2010) 4.Enomoto, A., Takeda, M., Tojo, A., et al.Role of organic anion transporters in the tubular transport of indoxyl sulfate and the induction of its nephrotoxicityJ. AM. Soc. Nephrol.13(7)1711-1720(2002) 5.Pieniazek, A., Gwozdzinski, L., Hikisz, P., et al.Indoxyl sulfate generates free radicals, decreases antioxidant defense, and leads to damage to mononuclear blood cellsChem. Res. Toxicol.31(9)869-875(2018)
| Cas No. | 1644451-34-2 | SDF | |
| Canonical SMILES | [O-]S(OC1=C([2H])NC2=C([2H])C([2H])=C([2H])C([2H])=C21)(=O)=O.[K+] | ||
| Formula | C8HD5NO4S·K | M.Wt | 256.3 |
| Solubility | DMSO : 5 mg/mL (19.51 mM; Need ultrasonic and warming) | Storage | -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.9017 mL | 19.5084 mL | 39.0168 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.7803 mL | 3.9017 mL | 7.8034 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3902 mL | 1.9508 mL | 3.9017 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 23 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
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