L-α-Aminoadipic Acid (Synonyms: (S)-2-Aminohexanedioic Acid) |
| Catalog No.GC13740 |
L-α-Aminoadipic Acid is a lysine metabolite with neuroexcitatory properties, which competitively inhibits glutamate transporters with a Ki value of 192µM.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 1118-90-7
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
L-α-Aminoadipic Acid is a lysine metabolite with neuroexcitatory properties, which competitively inhibits glutamate transporters with a Ki value of 192µM[1,2]. L-α-Aminoadipic Acid is one of the isomeric forms of 2-Aminoadipic acid and is crucial for neurotransmitter regulation and glutamate transport inhibition[3]. L-α-Aminoadipic Acid is commonly used in research to selectively inhibit astrocyte function for investigating their physiological and pathological roles, and also serves as a precursor for β-lactam antibiotics in the development of novel antibiotics[4,5].
In vitro, treatment of mouse cerebellar cells with L-α-Aminoadipic Acid (0.34mM) for 2h induced reversible swelling in approximately 80% of astrocytes; prolonged treatment for 40h resulted in the death of 97% of astrocytes[6]. In rat amygdala slices, treatment with L-α-Aminoadipic Acid (1mM) for ≥90min increased the nuclear area of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive astrocytes and significantly reduced the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) evoked by strong stimulation in the thalamo-LA pathway[7].
In vivo, intravitreal injection of L-α-Aminoadipic Acid (8µM/eye; 50µL) in carp led to a reduction in S-potentials and a relatively lower resting potential in retinal horizontal cells within 2-4h; the voltage characteristics of horizontal cells returned to normal within 1-2 days[8]. In adult male Wistar rats, bilateral microinjection of L-α-Aminoadipic Acid (25µg/µL/day; 1µL/rat (0.5µL per side)) into the hippocampal CA1 region for 3 days significantly reduced the number of GFAP-immunoreactive (GFAP-ir) astrocytes in the hippocampus, resulting in impaired passive avoidance memory and increased anxiety-like behavior[9].
References:
[1] WU H Q, UNGERSTEDT U, SCHWARCZ R. l-α-Aminoadipic acid as a regulator of kynurenic acid production in the hippocampus: a microdialysis study in freely moving rats[J]. European journal of pharmacology, 1995, 281(1): 55-61.
[2] MCBEAN G J. Inhibition of the glutamate transporter and glial enzymes in rat striatum by the gliotoxin, alpha aminoadipate[J]. British journal of pharmacology, 1994, 113(2): 536.
[3] SHI W, YANG Z, FU P, et al. Metabolite 2-aminoadipic acid: implications for metabolic disorders and therapeutic opportunities[J]. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2025, 16: 1569020.
[4] ISOBE K, TOKUTA K, NARITA Y, et al. Production of Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-aminoadipic acid and Nα-benzyloxycarbonyl-D-aminoadipic acid with Rhodococcus sp. AIU Z-35-1[J]. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 2004, 32(1/2): 27-32.
[5] GUIDETTI P, SCHWARCZ R. Determination of α-aminoadipic acid in brain, peripheral tissues, and body fluids using GC/MS with negative chemical ionization[J]. Molecular brain research, 2003, 118(1/2): 132-139.
[6] HUCK S, GRASS F, HATTEN M E. Gliotoxic effects of α-aminoadipic acid on monolayer cultures of dissociated postnatal mouse cerebellum[J]. Neuroscience, 1984, 12(3): 783-791.
[7] LI Y, SACCHI S, POLLEGIONI L, et al. Identity of endogenous NMDAR glycine site agonist in amygdala is determined by synaptic activity level[J]. Nature communications, 2013, 4(1): 1760.
[8] SUGAWARA K, TORIGOE K, OKOYAMA S, et al. Neurotoxic effects of l-α-aminoadipic acid on the carp retina: a long term observation[J]. Neuroscience, 1990, 36(1): 155-163.
[9] JAHANSHAHI M, ELYASI L, NIKMAHZAR E. L-α-aminoadipic Acid-Induced Astrocytes Inhibition in the Hippocampal CA1 Region Leads to Anxiety-like Behavior and Memory Impairment[J]. Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, 2025, 16(1).
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | Postnatal mouse cerebellum |
Preparation Method | Cells dissociated from early postnatal mouse cerebellum were maintained in vitro for 4 days and then exposed to L-α-Aminoadipic Acid (0.34mM; 40h), then cultures grown on poly-D-lysine coated glass coverslips were subjected to immunohistochemistry. |
Reaction Conditions | 0.34mM; 40h |
Applications | After a 2h exposure to 0.34mM L-α-Aminoadipic Acid, approximately 80% of the astrocytes with characteristic nuclear and cytoplasmic swelling recovered, whereas after a 40h exposure, the same concentration killed 97% of the astrocytes. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | Adult male Wistar rats |
Preparation Method | Experimental group (L-α-Aminoadipic Acid), with stereotaxic surgery, received L-α-Aminoadipic Acid at dose of 25μg/μL once daily (1μL/rat (0.5μL on each side) of L-α-Aminoadipic Acid were injected into the CA1 hippocampal area by a Hamilton micro-syringe over one minute) for three consecutive days and evaluated for behavioral test. The number of GFAP-ir astrocytes was counted in a 30000μm2 area at three regions (CA1, CA3, and DG regions) of the hippocampus by the cellSens standard 1.14 software. |
Dosage form | 25μg/μL/day; 1μL/rat (0.5μL on each side); 3 days; intrahippocampal injection |
Applications | Microinjection of L-α-Aminoadipic Acid into the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus significantly decreased the step-through latency time in the passive avoidance test, decreased time spent in the open arm, and increased time spent in the closed arm in the elevated plus maze test. Also, the administration of L-α-Aminoadipic Acid significantly declined the density of GFAP-ir astrocytes in the hippocampus. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 1118-90-7 | SDF | |
| Synonyms | (S)-2-Aminohexanedioic Acid | ||
| Chemical Name | 2S-amino-hexanedioic acid | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC(CCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=O | ||
| Formula | C6H11NO4 | M.Wt | 161.2 |
| Solubility | ≤10mg/ml in 1N HCl;0.5mg/ml in PBS | Storage | Store at -20°C,protect from light |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 6.2035 mL | 31.0174 mL | 62.0347 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.2407 mL | 6.2035 mL | 12.4069 mL |
| 10 mM | 620.3 μL | 3.1017 mL | 6.2035 mL |
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