L-Kynurenine-d4 (Synonyms: 3-anthraniloyl-Alanine-d4, L-KYN-d4) |
| Catalog No.GC49505 |
L-Kynurenine-d4 is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 2672568-86-2
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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L-Kynurenine-d4 is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist [1]. L-Kynurenine-d4 is primarily used as an internal standard for the quantification of L-Kynurenine by GC or LC-MS [2]. L-Kynurenine is an intermediate product of the kynurenine pathway in tryptophan metabolism. L-Kynurenine is a metabolic marker for cancer, infection, and chronic inflammation [3-4].
References:
[1]. Russak EM, Bednarczyk EM. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019 Feb; 53(2): 211-216.
[2]. Fuertig R, Ceci A, Camus SM, et al. LC–MS/MS-based quantification of kynurenine metabolites, tryptophan, monoamines and neopterin in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and brain. Bioanalysis. 2016 Sep 1;8(18):1903-1917.
[3]. Opitz CA, Litzenburger UM, Sahm F, et al. An endogenous tumour-promoting ligand of the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Nature. 2011 Oct 13; 478(7368): 197-203.
[4]. Romani L, Fallarino F, De Luca A, et al. Defective tryptophan catabolism underlies inflammation in mouse chronic granulomatous disease. Nature. 2008 Jan 10;451(7175):211-215.
This protocol is only a guide for experimentation. The actual application should be adjusted according to your research objectives and instrument conditions [1].
1. Reagent preparation:
Internal standard solution: L-Kynurenine-d4, final concentration 100ng/mL, dissolved in 50% methanol.
Sample to be tested: human plasma/cell lysate.
Extraction solvent: 80% methanol (pre-cooled, -20°C).
2. Sample processing steps:
(1) Take 100μL of plasma sample into a 1.5mL EP tube.
(2) Add 10μL of L-Kynurenine-d4 internal standard solution (final concentration 10ng/mL).
(3) Add 400μL of pre-cooled 80% methanol for protein precipitation and vortex thoroughly for 30 seconds.
(4) Refrigerate at -20°C for 30 minutes, then centrifuge at 13000 rpm for 15 minutes.
(5) Pipette the supernatant into a clean EP tube and blow dry with nitrogen or concentrate by vacuum centrifugation.
(6) Redissolve with 100μL 20% methanol, centrifuge at 13000 rpm for 10 minutes before loading, and take the supernatant for LC-MS/MS analysis.
3. LC-MS/MS analysis conditions:
Chromatographic column: C18 reverse phase column (2mm×100mm, 1.7μm).
Mobile phase: A: 0.1% formic acid water, B: 0.1% formic acid acetonitrile.
Gradient elution: 0-5min, B increases from 2% to 98%.
Flow rate: 0.3mL/min.
Injection volume: 5μL.
MS mode: multiple reaction monitoring.
L-Kynurenine: m/z 209→94.
L-Kynurenine-d4: m/z 213→98.
Operation precautions:
1. L-Kynurenine-d4 solution should be kept away from light and stored at -20℃. It should be prepared or diluted before use.
2. All experimental operations should be carried out in a fume hood, and attention should be paid to biosafety when handling biological samples.
3. Samples should be kept at low temperature throughout the process to avoid repeated freezing and thawing to ensure the accuracy of quantitative results.
4. Each batch of samples should be accompanied by blank controls and quality control samples to evaluate the linearity and stability of the internal standard.
References:
[1]. Fuertig R, Ceci A, Camus SM, et al. LC–MS/MS-based quantification of kynurenine metabolites, tryptophan, monoamines and neopterin in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and brain. Bioanalysis. 2016 Sep 1;8(18):1903-1917.
| Cas No. | 2672568-86-2 | SDF | |
| Synonyms | 3-anthraniloyl-Alanine-d4, L-KYN-d4 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | [2H]C1=CC([2H])=C(N)C(C(C([2H])([C@@H](C(O)=O)N)[2H])=O)=C1 | ||
| Formula | C10H8D4N2O3 | M.Wt | 212.2 |
| Solubility | DMF: 0.5mg/mL,DMSO: 1mg/mL,Ethanol: 2mg/mL | Storage | -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
||
| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 4.7125 mL | 23.5627 mL | 47.1254 mL |
| 5 mM | 942.5 μL | 4.7125 mL | 9.4251 mL |
| 10 mM | 471.3 μL | 2.3563 mL | 4.7125 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >99.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 38 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
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