Cyanine Dyes
Cyanine dyes are molecules containing polymethine bridge between two nitrogen atoms with a delocalized charge.
Due to their structure, cyanines have outstandingly high extinction coefficients often exceeding 100,000 Lmol-1cm-1. Different substituents allow to control properties of the chromophore, such as absorbance wavelength, photostability, and fluorescence. For example, absorbance and fluorescence wavelength can be controlled by a choice of polymethine bridge length: longer cyanines possess higher absorbance and emission wavelengths up to near infrared region.
Cyanine dyes are molecules containing polymethine bridges between two nitrogen atoms with a delocalized charge which have been used for many years as dyes in life science. Since the Cy3, Cy5 and Cy7 were made commercially available as succinimidyl esters in the early 1990s, cyanine dyes began to be used widely as labels for nucleic acids. Because of the good properties of low non-specific binding to biomolecules and bright fluorescence owing to their huge extinction coefficients and good quantum yields, the Cy dyes have been widespread used in DNA and RNA labelling. Cyanine dyes can be divided into two groups based on water solubility: non-sulfonated cyanines and sulfonated cyanines.
Non-sulfonated cyanines
Available non-sulfonated dyes include Cy3, Cy3.5, Cy5, Cy5.5, Cy7, and Cy7.5. Cy stands for 'cyanine', and the first digit identifies the number of carbon atoms between the indolenine groups. The suffix .5 is added for benzo-fused cyanines. Most derivatives of non-sulfonated cyanines have low aqueous solubility except for hydrochlorides of hydrazides and amines. They are organic co-solvent soluble (5-20% of DMF or DMSO). When these molecules are used for biomolecule labeling, they should be dissolved in organic solvent first, and added to a solution of biomolecule (protein, peptide, amino-labeled DNA) in appropriate aqueous buffer. Fluorescent properties of non-sulfonated cyanines have little dependence on solvent and surrounding.
Sulfonated cyanines
Available sulfonated cyanines include sulfo-Cy3, sulfo-Cy5, and sulfo-Cy7, which have additional sulfo-groups that facilitate dissolution of dye molecules in aqueous phase. Charged sulfonate groups decrease aggregation of dye molecules and heavily labeled conjugates. Sulfonated cyanines are highly water soluble, and they do not use organic co-solvent for the labeling in aqueous environment.
Products for Cyanine Dyes
- Cat.No. Product Name Information
- GC15113 Cy3 alkyne (non-sulfonated) used for Click chemistry to label any molecule bearing azide group.
- GC14171 Cy3 azide used for Click chemistry to label alkyne-modified oligonucleotides
- GC17605 Cy3 azide (non-sulfonated) used for Click chemistry to label alkyne-modified oligonucleotides
- GC19616 Cy3 Bis carboxylic acid
- GC19614 Cy3 Bis NHS ester
- GC17551 Cy3 carboxylic acid (non-sulfonated) Non-reactive fluorophore, for control experiments, and for calibration
- GC19618 Cy3 carboxylic acid(Et)
-
GC11356
Cy3 hydrazide (non-sulfonated)
carbonyl-reactive dye
- GC17345 Cy3 NHS ester
-
GC12618
Cy3 NHS ester (non-sulfonated)
Protocol for Preparation and purification of Cyanine3 NHS ester -Protein(pro-FD):Dried dyes(Cyanine3 NHS ester) were dissolved to 1 mg/ml in anhydrous DMF and stored frozen in aliquots.
- GC16358 Cy3 NHS ester for 2D electrophoresis Cy3 dye for 2D electrophoresis, a component of 3Dye 2D DIGE Kits.
- GC19612 Cy3 NHS ester(Et)
- GC16524 Cy3-dUTP Direct enzymatic labeling of DNA/cDNA e.g. by PCR and Nick Translation
- GC35767 Cy3-N3 Cy3-N3 is a Cy3-azide fluorescent dye used to label for protein and nucleic acid.
- GC35768 CY3-SE
- GC30161 CY3-YNE CY3-YNE (Sulfo-Cyanine3-alkyne) is a dye for the labeling of soluble proteins, peptides, and oligonucleotides/DNA.
- GC19610 Cy3.5 alkyne (non-sulfonated)
- GC12923 Cy3.5 azide (non-sulfonated) used for Click chemistry to label alkyne-modified oligonucleotides
- GC13938 Cy3.5 hydrazide (non-sulfonated) carbonyl-reactive dye
- GC12024 Cy3.5 maleimide (non-sulfonated) Labeling of cysteine residues, as well as other thiolated molecules
- GC17971 Cy3.5 NHS ester (non-sulfonated)
- GC35769 CY5 Cy5 (Sulfo-Cyanine5) is a reactive dye for the labeling of amino-groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides.
- GC47136 Cy5 (triethylamine salt) A cyanine-containing fluorochrome
- GC15007 Cy5 alkyne (non-sulfonated) used for Click chemistry to label any molecule bearing azide group.
- GC14394 Cy5 amine (non-sulfonated) can be conjugated with reactive groups such as NHS esters, carboxy groups (after carbodiimide activation), and epoxides.
- GC12452 Cy5 azide
- GC12480 Cy5 azide (non-sulfonated) used for Click chemistry to label alkyne-modified oligonucleotides
- GC19617 Cy5 Bis carboxylic acid
- GC19615 Cy5 Bis NHS ester
- GC10748 Cy5 Boc-hydrazide (non-sulfonated) carbonyl-reactive dye
- GC15339 Cy5 carboxylic acid Non-reactive fluorophore, for control experiments, and for calibration
- GC12471 Cy5 carboxylic acid (non-sulfonated) Non-reactive fluorophore, for control experiments, and for calibration
- GC19619 Cy5 carboxylic acid(Et)
- GC15809 Cy5 hydrazide (non-sulfonated) carbonyl-reactive dye
- GC18124 Cy5 maleimide (non-sulfonated) Labeling of cysteine residues, as well as other thiolated molecules
-
GC12907
Cy5 NHS ester
Cy5 NHS ester(Cyanine5 NHS ester) is a Red emitting fluorescent dye for labeling of amino-groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides.
- GC10047 Cy5 NHS ester (non-sulfonated)
- GC13999 Cy5 NHS ester for 2D electrophoresis Cy5 dye for 2D electrophoresis, a component of 3Dye 2D DIGE Kits.
- GC19613 Cy5 NHS ester(Et)
- GC30247 CY5-N3 CY5-N3 is a Cy5-azide, which is a fluorescent dye.
- GC61630 Cy5-PEG3-azide Cy5-PEG3-azide is a PEG-based PROTAC linker that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs.
- GC35771 CY5-SE Cy5-SE (Cy5 NHS Ester) is a reactive dye for the labeling of amino-groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides.
- GC47137 Cy5-SE (triethylamine salt) An amine-reactive fluorescent probe
- GC30117 CY5-YNE CY5-YNE (Sulfo-Cyanine5-alkyne) is a reactive dye for the labeling of amino-groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides.
- GC39818 Cy5.5 Cy5.5 (Sulfo-Cyanine5.5) is a near-infrared fluorescent dye (Ex=673 nm, Em=707 nm) used to label biological molecules, such as peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides.
- GC19611 Cy5.5 alkyne (non-sulfonated)
- GC14684 Cy5.5 azide (non-sulfonated) used for Click chemistry to label alkyne-modified oligonucleotides
- GC16132 Cy5.5 carboxylic acid (non-sulfonated) Non-reactive fluorophore, for control experiments, and for calibration
- GC12343 Cy5.5 hydrazide (non-sulfonated) carbonyl-reactive dye
- GC10412 Cy5.5 maleimide (non-sulfonated) Labeling of cysteine residues, as well as other thiolated molecules
-
GC11653
Cy5.5 NHS ester (non-sulfonated)
Cy5.5-NHS ester is a near-infrared amine reactive dye for labeling amino groups of peptides, proteins and oligonucleotides.
- GC35772 CY7 Cy7 (Sulfo-Cyanine7) is a fluorescence labeling agent (Ex=750 nm, Em=773 nm).
- GC10791 Cy7 azide (non-sulfonated) used for Click chemistry to label alkyne-modified oligonucleotides
- GC11206 Cy7 carboxylic acid (non-sulfonated) Non-reactive fluorophore, for control experiments, and for calibration
-
GC35773
Cy7 DiC18
Cy7 DiC18 (DiIC 18(7); DiR) is a lipophilic long-chain carbocyanine dye that produces near-infrared fluorescence and is widely used as Di to label cells, organelles, liposomes, viruses and lipoproteins.
- GC17124 Cy7 maleimide (non-sulfonated)
- GC16967 Cy7 NHS ester
- GC11841 Cy7 NHS ester (non-sulfonated)
- GC35775 CY7-N3 CY7-N3 (Sulfo-Cyanine7-N3) is a water-soluble NIR dye azide for Click Chemistry.
- GC30261 CY7-SE An amine-reactive fluorescent probe
- GC39807 CY7-SE triethylamine CY7-SE triethylamine (Sulfo-Cyanine7 Succinimidyl Ester triethylamine) is a fluorescence labeling agent (Ex=700-770 nm, Em=790 nm).
- GC35776 Cy7-YNE Cy7-YNE is a fluorescence labeling agent (Ex=700-770 nm,Em=790 nm). Cyanine dyes are used to label proteins, antibodies, and peptides.
- GC35774 Cy7.5 Cy7.5 is a fluorescence imaging (FI) agent (Ex=700-770 nm,Em=790 nm) as well as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging agent.
- GC10286 Cy7.5 azide (non-sulfonated) used for Click chemistry to label alkyne-modified oligonucleotides
- GC17115 Cy7.5 carboxylic acid (non-sulfonated) Non-reactive fluorophore, for control experiments, and for calibration
- GC10798 Cy7.5 maleimide(non-sulfonated) Labeling of cysteine residues, as well as other thiolated molecules
- GC14305 Cy7.5 NHS ester (non-sulfonated) Labeling of amino-groups in biomolecules.
- GC43337 Cyanine Cyanine is an organic dye composed of two N-heterocycles surrounding a polymethine.
- GC50457 Cyanine 3 Tyramide Orange fluorescent reagent widely used for signal amplification in IHC and ISH
- GC50458 Cyanine 5 Tyramide Red fluorescent reagent widely used for signal amplification in IHC and ISH
- GC59091 Cyanine3 alkyne
- GC59122 Cyanine3 amine Cyanine3 amine, an analog of Cyanine3 amine, is a potent green fluorescent dye.
- GC59110 Cyanine3 azide
- GC59073 Cyanine3 carboxylic acid
- GC59195 Cyanine3 DBCO
- GC59097 Cyanine3 hydrazide
- GC59137 Cyanine3 maleimide
- GC59156 Cyanine3 tetrazine
- GC18067 Cyanine3.5 alkyne dye alkyne for click chemistry
- GC59150 Cyanine3.5 azide
- GC13420 Cyanine3.5 carboxylic acid Non-reactive reference dye or control
- GC59164 Cyanine3.5 NHS ester
- GC59102 Cyanine5 alkyne Cyanine5 alkyne (Alkyne-Cy5) is a fluorescent dye used to label azide proteins and can be used to analyse post-translational modifications of proteins, glycosylation etc. Cyanine5 alkyne can also be used as a mitochondrial OXPHOS inhibitor to inhibit the growth of cancer stem cells (CSC).
- GC59133 Cyanine5 amine Cyanine5 amine is a potent fluorescent dye.
- GC59117 Cyanine5 azide
- GC59125 Cyanine5 Boc-hydrazide
- GC59085 Cyanine5 carboxylic acid
- GC59198 Cyanine5 DBCO Cyanine5 DBCO (DBCO-Cy5) is a water-soluble, low-toxicity azide reactive probe (NIR fluorescent dye), for imaging azide-labeled biomolecules via a copper-free "click-through" reaction.
- GC59107 Cyanine5 hydrazide Cyanine5 hydrazide (Cy5-hydrazide hydrochloride) is a fluorescent dye for aldehydes and ketones.
- GC59130 Cyanine5 maleimide
- GC59139 Cyanine5 NHS ester
- GC60116 Cyanine5 NHS ester chloride Cyanine5 NHS ester chloride is a red emitting fluorescent dye for labeling of amino-groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides.
-
GC19585
Cyanine5 NHS ester iodide
Cyanine5 NHS ester iodide is a red emitting fluorescent dye for labeling of amino-groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides
- GC59181 Cyanine5 tetrazine Cyanine5 tetrazine, a fluorophore, is a molecule that contains a cyano5 fluorophore and a tetrazine moiety.
- GC17211 Cyanine5.5 alkyne Cyanine5.5 alkyne, a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye, is an alkyne modified Cyanine5.5 (Ex=680 nm, Em=710 nm).
- GC59167 Cyanine5.5 amine Cyanine5.5 amine (Cy 5.5 amine), a Cy5.5 Analogue, is a near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye (Ex=648 nm, Em=710 nm).
- GC59146 Cyanine5.5 azide
- GC59119 Cyanine5.5 carboxylic acid
- GC59210 Cyanine5.5 DBCO
- GC59140 Cyanine5.5 hydrazide