Nifuroxazide-d4

Nifuroxazide-d₄ is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of nifuroxazide by GC- or LC-MS. Nifuroxazide is a nitrofuran antibiotic.¹ It is active against strains of the enteropathogenic bacteria C. jejuni, Salmonella, Y. enterocolitica, Shigella, and E. coli.¹ It inhibits quorum sensing and virulence factor production in P. aeruginosa.² Nifuroxazide inhibits STAT3 activity in a reporter assay (IC₅₀ = ~3 µM) and decreases viability of U266 and INA-6 myeloma cells, which have constitutive STAT3 phosphorylation, with EC₅₀ values of approximately 4.5 µM for both.³ It also decreases viability, migration, and invasion of, and induces apoptosis in, MCF-7, 4T1, and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.⁴ Nifuroxazide (50 mg/kg per day) reduces tumor growth and prevents pulmonary metastasis in a 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma model. It also reduces diarrhea, weight loss, and colon inflammation in a rat model of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis.⁵

1.Vanhoof, R., Coignau, H., Stas, G., et al.Evaluation of the in vitro activity of nifuroxazide on enteropathogenic microorganisms: Determination of bacteriostatic and bactericidal concentrations and disk susceptibilityActa Clin. Belg.36(3)126-129(1981) 2.Yang, L., Rybtke, M.T., Jakobsen, T.H., et al.Computer-aided identification of recognized drugs as Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing inhibitorsAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.53(6)2432-2443(2009) 3.Nelson, E.A., Walker, S.R., Kepich, A., et al.Nifuroxazide inhibits survival of multiple myeloma cells by directly inhibiting STAT3Blood112(13)5095-5102(2008) 4.Yang, F., Hu, M., Lei, Q., et al.Nifuroxazide induces apoptosis and impairs pulmonary metastasis in breast cancer modelCell Death Dis.6(3)e1701(2015) 5.El-Far, Y.M., Elsherbiny, N.M., El-Shafey, M., et al.The interplay of the inhibitory effect of nifuroxazide on NF-κB/STAT3 signaling attenuates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in ratsEnviron. Toxicol. Pharmacol.79103433(2020)