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Home >> Signaling Pathways >> DNA Damage/DNA Repair >> DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

RNA synthesis, which is also called DNA transcription, is a highly selective process. Transcription by RNA polymerase II extends beyond RNA synthesis, towards a more active role in mRNA maturation, surveillance and export to the cytoplasm.

Single-strand breaks are repaired by DNA ligase using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template, with DNA ligase creating the final phosphodiester bond to fully repair the DNA.DNA ligases discriminate against substrates containing RNA strands or mismatched base pairs at positions near the ends of the nickedDNA. Bleomycin (BLM) exerts its genotoxicity by generating free radicals, whichattack C-4′ in the deoxyribose backbone of DNA, leading to opening of the ribose ring and strand breakage; it is an S-independentradiomimetic agent that causes double-strand breaks in DNA.

First strand cDNA is synthesized using random hexamer primers and M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase (RNase H). Second strand cDNA synthesis is subsequently performed using DNA Polymerase I and RNase H. The remaining overhangs are converted into blunt ends using exonuclease/polymerase activity. After adenylation of the 3′ ends of DNA fragments, NEBNext Adaptor with hairpin loop structure is ligated to prepare the samples for hybridization. Cell cycle and DNA replication are the top two pathways regulated by BET bromodomain inhibition. Cycloheximide blocks the translation of mRNA to protein.

Targets for  DNA/RNA Synthesis

Products for  DNA/RNA Synthesis

  1. Cat.No. Product Name Information
  2. GC65372 Pseudouridine 5'-triphosphate trisodium Pseudouridine 5'-triphosphate trisodium Chemical Structure
  3. GC16367 PSI-7977 A prodrug form of PSI-7411 PSI-7977 Chemical Structure
  4. GC65335 PTC299 PTC299 is an orally active inhibitor of VEGFA mRNA translation that selectively inhibits VEGF protein synthesis at the post-transcriptional level. PTC299 is also a potent inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). PTC299 shows good oral bioavailability and lack of off-target kinase inhibition and myelosuppression. PTC299 can be useful for the research of hematologic malignancies. PTC299 Chemical Structure
  5. GC16384 Puromycin dihydrochloride Puromycin dihydrochloride is produced by Streptomyces alboniger, a grampositive actinomycete, through a series of enzymatic reactions Puromycin dihydrochloride Chemical Structure
  6. GC37042 Pyrazofurin Pyrazofurin, a pyrimidine nucleoside analogue with antineoplastic activity, inhibits cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in cells by inhibiting uridine 5'-phosphate (UMP) synthase. Pyrazofurin is an active, sensitive orotate-phosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor with IC50s between 0.06-0.37 ?M in the three squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines Hep-2, HNSCC-14B and HNSCC-14C. Pyrazofurin Chemical Structure
  7. GC45552 Pyrenophorol   Pyrenophorol Chemical Structure
  8. GC45553 Pyridoxine-d3 (hydrochloride)   Pyridoxine-d3 (hydrochloride) Chemical Structure
  9. GC37044 Pyrindamycin A Pyrindamycin A is an antibiotic that inhibits DNA synthesis. Pyrindamycin A Chemical Structure
  10. GC37051 Quarfloxin Quarfloxin (CX-3543), a fluoroquinolone derivative with antineoplastic activity, targets and inhibits RNA pol I activity, with IC50 values in the nanomolar range in neuroblastoma cells. Quarfloxin disrupts the interaction between the nucleolin protein and a G-quadruplex DNA structure in the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) template. Quarfloxin Chemical Structure
  11. GC61666 Quinizarin Quinizarin (1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone), a part of the anticancer agents such as Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, and Adriamycin, interacts with DNA by intercalating mode (Kd=86.1 μM). Quinizarin Chemical Structure
  12. GC17750 Raltitrexed

    Thymidylate synthase inhibitor

     Raltitrexed Chemical Structure
  13. GC18751 Reticulol Reticulol is an isocoumarin derivative produced by certain species of Streptomyces that inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase (IC50 = 41 uM). Reticulol Chemical Structure
  14. GC19309 RG7800 RG7800 a small molecule SMN2 splicing modifier to enter human clinical trials to treat spinal muscular atrophy. RG7800 Chemical Structure
  15. GC37521 RG7800 hydrochloride RG7800 hydrochloride is an orally active SMN2 splicing modulator, with EC1.5xs of 23 nM and 87 nM for SMN2 splicing and SMN protein; RG7800 hydrochloride has the potential to treat spinal muscular atrophy. RG7800 hydrochloride Chemical Structure
  16. GC61246 Rifalazil Rifalazil (KRM-1648; ABI-1648), a rifamycin derivative, inhibits the bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and kills bacterial cells by blocking off the β-subunit in?RNA polymerase. Rifalazil Chemical Structure
  17. GC16970 Rifaximin (Xifaxan) Rifaximin (Xifaxan), a gastrointestinal-selective antibiotic, binds the β-subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, resulting in inhibition of bacterial RNA synthesis. Rifaximin (Xifaxan) Chemical Structure
  18. GC30845 Risdiplam (RG7916) Risdiplam (RG7916) (RG7916) is an orally administered, centrally and peripherally distributed SMN2 pre-mRNA splicing modifier that increases survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels. Risdiplam (RG7916) Chemical Structure
  19. GC67865 RP-6685 RP-6685 Chemical Structure
  20. GC14808 Saccharin 1-methylimidazole (SMI) Saccharin 1-methylimidazole (SMI) is an activator for DNA/RNA Synthesis. Saccharin 1-methylimidazole (SMI) Chemical Structure
  21. GC62693 SCR130 SCR130 is a SCR7-based DNA nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) inhibitor. SCR130 inhibits the end-joining of DNA in a Ligase IV-dependent manner. SCR130 is specific to Ligase IV, and shows minimal or no effect on Ligase III and Ligase I mediated joining. SCR130 induces cell apoptosis and has anticancer activity. SCR130 Chemical Structure
  22. GC12106 SCR7 DNA ligase IV inhibitor SCR7 Chemical Structure
  23. GC61276 Silver sulfadiazine Silver sulfadiazine (AgSD), a sulfonamide antibiotic, effects a dual inhibitory action on bacterial growth by its sulfa moiety (SD-SDZ) that prevents bacterial folate absorption and subsequent DNA synthesis. Silver sulfadiazine Chemical Structure
  24. GC30185 SMN-C3 SMN-C3 is an orally active SMN2 splicing modulator and has the potential to treat spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). SMN-C3 Chemical Structure
  25. GC39552 Sorivudine Sorivudine (BV-araU) is an orally active synthetic pyrimidine nucleoside antimetabolite drug. Sorivudine Chemical Structure
  26. GC46223 Sparsomycin A bacterial metabolite with diverse biological activities Sparsomycin Chemical Structure
  27. GC44953 Sterigmatocystin

    Sterigmatocystin is a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Aspergillus[1].

     Sterigmatocystin Chemical Structure
  28. GC46228 Streptimidone A bacterial metabolite with diverse biological activities Streptimidone Chemical Structure
  29. GC17131 Streptozocin

    A diabetogenic agent which targets beta cells

     Streptozocin Chemical Structure
  30. GC39510 Synucleozid Synucleozid (NSC 377363) is a potent inhibitor of the SNCA?mRNA that encodes α-synuclein protein (IC50=1.5 μM). Synucleozid Chemical Structure
  31. GC39511 Synucleozid hydrochloride Synucleozid hydrochloride (NSC 377363 hydrochloride) is a potent inhibitor of the?SNCA?mRNA?that encodes α-synuclein protein (IC50=1.5 μM). Synucleozid hydrochloride Chemical Structure
  32. GC12350 T 705 T 705 (T-705) is a potent viral RNA polymerase inhibitor, it is phosphoribosylated by cellular enzymes to its active form, T 705-ribofuranosyl-5′-triphosphate (RTP). T 705 Chemical Structure
  33. GC44981 T-2 Toxin T-2 toxin is a common trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species, which can infect grain crops causing alimentary toxic aleukia in humans and animals. T-2 Toxin Chemical Structure
  34. GC61500 T-705RTP sodium T-705RTP sodium Chemical Structure
  35. GC44984 TAF 10 Peptide TAF10 is one of many protein factors or coactivators associated with RNA polymerase II activity. TAF 10 Peptide Chemical Structure
  36. GC39512 Tempo Tempo is a classic nitroxide radical and is a selective scavenger of ROS that dismutases superoxide in the catalytic cycle. Tempo induces DNA-strand breakage. Tempo can be used as an organocatalyst for the oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes. Tempo has mutagenic and antioxidant effects. Tempo Chemical Structure
  37. GC64373 Tezacitabine Tezacitabine is a cytostatic and cytotoxic antimetabolite and a nucleoside analogue. Tezacitabine irreversibly inhibits the ribonucleotide reductase and interferes with DNA replication and repair. Tezacitabine effectively induces cells apoptotic. Tezacitabine has the potential for leukemias and solid tumors (carcinomas) treatment. Tezacitabine Chemical Structure
  38. GC17601 TH287 MTH1 inhibitor TH287 Chemical Structure
  39. GC37775 TH287 hydrochloride TH287 hydrochloride is a potent and selective inhibitor of MTH1, with an IC50 of 0.8 nM. TH287 hydrochloride is highly selective towards MTH1, with no relevant inhibition of MTH2, NUDT5, NUDT12, NUDT14, NUDT16, dCTPase, dUTPase and ITPA at 100 μM. TH287 hydrochloride could act as a chemotherapeutic agent for cancer research. TH287 hydrochloride Chemical Structure
  40. GC12716 TH588 MTH1 inhibitor TH588 Chemical Structure
  41. GC37777 TH588 hydrochloride TH588 hydrochloride is first-in-class nudix hydrolase family inhibitor that potently and selectively engage and inhibit the MTH1 (IC50= 5 nM). TH588 hydrochloride Chemical Structure
  42. GC31868 Thiarabine (OSI-7836) Thiarabine (OSI-7836) (OSI-7836) shows potent anti-tumor activity and inhibition of DNA synthesis. Thiarabine (OSI-7836) Chemical Structure
  43. GC48165 Thiocoraline A depsipeptide and DNA bis-intercalator with antibacterial and anticancer activities Thiocoraline Chemical Structure
  44. GC13002 Thiostrepton

    Antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis

     Thiostrepton Chemical Structure
  45. GC15815 Thymidine pyrimidine nucleoside Thymidine Chemical Structure
  46. GC49529 Thymidine-d4 An internal standard for the quantification of thymidine Thymidine-d4 Chemical Structure
  47. GC49474 Thymine-d4 An internal standard for the quantification of thymine Thymine-d4 Chemical Structure
  48. GC49076 Tilmicosin-d3 An internal standard for the quantification of tilmicosin Tilmicosin-d3 Chemical Structure
  49. GC64897 Tofersen Tofersen (BIIB067) is an antisense oligonucleotide that mediates RNase H-dependent degradation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) mRNA to reduce the synthesis of SOD1 protein. Tofersen Chemical Structure
  50. GC48190 TP-4748 A heterocyclic building block TP-4748 Chemical Structure
  51. GC17897 Triapine Ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor Triapine Chemical Structure
  52. GC61348 Triazavirin Triazavirin is a nucleoside analogue of nucleic acid and an antiviral agent. Triazavirin Chemical Structure
  53. GC15392 Triciribine Akt inhibitor,highly selective Triciribine Chemical Structure
  54. GC13399 Trimidox specific ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor Trimidox Chemical Structure
  55. GC12044 Trovafloxacin mesylate Fluoroquinolone antibiotic Trovafloxacin mesylate Chemical Structure
  56. GC61359 TTP-8307 TTP-8307 is a potent inhibitor of the replication of several rhino- and enteroviruses. TTP-8307 Chemical Structure
  57. GC16879 Tubercidin Tubercidin is a pyrrolopyrimidine nucleoside analog with significant activity against schistosomal infections. Tubercidin Chemical Structure
  58. GC49835 Tumulosic Acid Tumulosic Acid, a triterpenoid, inhibits KLK5 protease activity (IC50= 14.84 μM). Tumulosic Acid Chemical Structure
  59. GC41598 Tyrocidine Complex Tyrocidine complex is a mixture of cyclic decapeptides originally isolated from B. Tyrocidine Complex Chemical Structure
  60. GC48987 UDP (sodium salt hydrate) An agonist of P2Y6 UDP (sodium salt hydrate) Chemical Structure
  61. GC49132 Uracil-13C,15N2 An internal standard for the quantification of uracil Uracil-13C,15N2 Chemical Structure
  62. GC49800 Uracil-d4 An internal standard for the quantification of uracil Uracil-d4 Chemical Structure
  63. GC13742 Uridine DNA/RNA synthesis chemical Uridine Chemical Structure
  64. GC62546 Uridine triphosphate 13C9,15N2 sodium Uridine triphosphate 13C9,15N2 (UTP 13C9,15N2) sodium is a labeled Uridine triphosphate sodium. Uridine triphosphate 13C9,15N2 sodium Chemical Structure
  65. GC49297 Uridine-5’-monophosphate (sodium salt hydrate) A ribonucleotide Uridine-5’-monophosphate (sodium salt hydrate) Chemical Structure
  66. GC49528 Uridine-d2 Uridine-d2 is the deuterium labeled Uridine. Uridine-d2 Chemical Structure
  67. GC15168 Urolithin A A gut-microbial metabolite of ellagic acid Urolithin A Chemical Structure
  68. GC10339 VAL-083 VAL-083 Chemical Structure
  69. GC48533 Vanoxonin A bacterial metabolite Vanoxonin Chemical Structure
  70. GC14851 Vidofludimus DHODH inhibitor Vidofludimus Chemical Structure
  71. GC14663 Viomycin Viomycin is a potent antibiotic against Mycobacteria. Viomycin rapidly inhibits polypeptide chain elongation when added to purified endogenous Escherichia coli polysomes actively engaged in polypeptide synthesis. Viomycin Chemical Structure
  72. GC70142 Werner syndrome RecQ helicase-IN-3

    Werner syndrome RecQ helicase-IN-3 is an effective orally active inhibitor of the Werner syndrome RecQ DNA helicase WRN, with an IC50 value of 0.06 µM. It exhibits anti-proliferative activity and has anti-cancer properties.

     Werner syndrome RecQ helicase-IN-3 Chemical Structure
  73. GC37940 Xanthopterin A pteridine with antiproliferative and anticancer activities Xanthopterin Chemical Structure
  74. GC37941 Xanthopterin (hydrate)

    Xanthopterin hydrate, an unconjugated pteridine compound, is the main component of the yellow granule in the Oriental hornet bear wings, produces a characteristic excitation/emission maximum at 386/456 nm.

     Xanthopterin (hydrate) Chemical Structure
  75. GC17386 YK-4-279 YK-4-279 Chemical Structure
  76. GC70172 ZIM

    ZIM, a derivative of 4-Aminoantipyrine, is an effective DNA damage inducer that can cause genomic and chromosomal damage as well as induce cell death and activate phagocytosis. ZIM has potential for chemotherapy and can be used in cancer research.

     ZIM Chemical Structure
  77. GC19391 Zoliflodacin Zoliflodacin (ETX0914;AZD0914) is a novel spiropyrimidinetrione bacterial DNA gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitor. Zoliflodacin Chemical Structure
  78. GC16277 α-Amanitin A selective RNA polymerase II inhibitor α-Amanitin Chemical Structure

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