Sodium Palmitate (Synonyms: Hexadecanoic acid sodium salt, Palmitic acid sodium salt )

Sodium palmitate is a common saturated fatty acid produced during the process of fatty acid synthesis. In the field of life science research, sodium palmitate is primarily used for studying cell metabolism, lipid research, and as a nutritional supplement in cell culture. Sodium palmitate can enhance lipogenesis and lipid droplet formation in various cell lines, and it is used to establish cell models of lipid droplet accumulation.

In vitro, Sodium palmitate (0.1, 0.25, or 0.5 mM; 12-72 h) can increase the mRNA levels of Notch1, -2, and -4 in LX2, Huh7, and MIHA liver cell lines^[1]. Sodium palmitate can induce the expression of Glucose Regulated Protein 78 (GRP 78) and CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Homologous Protein (CHOP) in mouse granule cells^[2]. Moreover, treating LO2 cells with 100 µmol/l sodium palmitate for 48 hours significantly inhibits cell viability, and this concentration and incubation time can be used as a model of lipotoxicity in experiments^[3].

References:

[1] Wen-Jin Ding, et al. Expression of Notch family is altered in non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Med Rep. 2020 Sep;22(3):1702-1708.

[2] Harada H, et al. Antitumor activity of palmitic acid found as a selective cytotoxic substance in a marine red alga. Anticancer Res. 2002 Sep-Oct;22(5):2587-90.

[3] Ma, Cheng, Yuan, et al. Lipid storage droplet protein 5 reduces sodium palmitateinduced lipotoxicity in human normal liver cells by regulating lipid metabolismrelated factors[J]. Molecular Medicine Reports, 2019, 20(2):879-886.