Deoxynivalenol (Synonyms: 4-deoxy Nivalenol) |
| Catalog No.GC12969 |
Deoxinivalenol (DON) es un metabolito secundario de alta toxicidad producido por Fusarium graminearum.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 51481-10-8
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
;)
_1-7.$$$37316672@70.jpg');)
;)
;)
_273-287.$$$36806353@46.jpg');)
_1-16.$$$37156877@44.jpg');)
;)
;)
;)
_1124-1138.$$$35908550@30.jpg');)
_766-780.$$$37100057@30.jpg');)
_418-432.$$$36893736@30.jpg');)
_240-255.$$$35108512@29.jpg');)
_533-545.$$$36543525@28.jpg');)
_264-276.$$$36600053@22.jpg');)
_2214998.$$$@0.jpg');)
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a high-toxicity secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium graminearum. It is one of the most common mycotoxins in grains, foods and feeds.[1] deoxynivalenol, as an inhibitor of protein synthesis and as an immunomodulator, can reduce feed intake and mass gain in pigs.[3]
In vitro experiment it shown that treatment with 5 µM deoxynivalenol for 8 h in Pig jejunal cells has the time and dose dependent toxicity responses. In the meanwhile, pig jejunal cells also indicated reduced total cell counts and increased lactate dehydrogenase release after 48 h DON exposure with 0–10 µM. In IPEC-J2 cells, treatment with 20 µM deoxynivalenol at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h also significantly decreased the TEER (trans-epithelial electrical resistance) value.[2] In vitro efficacy study showed that neither 16 μM DOM-1 nor DON concentrations up to 0.4 μM affected the viability of the cells cultivated in medium or ConA. treatment with 0.8 μM deoxynivalenol for cells cultivated in medium significantly increased the count of dead cells, which was even higher at 1.6 μM.[4]
In vivo test demonstrated that mice orally 0.5 to12.5 mg/kg body weight deoxynivalenol decreased liver IGFALS mRNA levels, while 0.1 mg/kg body weight deoxynivalenol is without effect.[3]
References:
[1].Wu S, et al. Detoxification of DON by photocatalytic degradation and quality evaluation of wheat. RSC Adv. 2019 Oct 25;9(59):34351-34358.
[2].Thapa A, et al. Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone-Synergistic or Antagonistic Agri-Food Chain Co-Contaminants? Toxins (Basel). 2021 Aug 11;13(8):561.
[3].Pestka JJ. Deoxynivalenol-induced proinflammatory gene expression: mechanisms and pathological sequelae. Toxins (Basel). 2010 Jun;2(6):1300-17.
[4].Vatzia E, et al. Deoxynivalenol Affects Proliferation and Expression of Activation-Related Molecules in Major Porcine T-Cell Subsets. Toxins (Basel). 2019 Nov 5;11(11):644.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
|
Cell lines |
PBMC |
|
Preparation Method |
Cells were either cultivated in medium or stimulated and cultivated with ConA (3 µg/mL) in the presence or absence of different deoxynivalenol (DON) concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 µM) and a single deepoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1) concentration (16 µM) at 37 °C for four days. Harvested PBMCs were subjected to flow cytometry, gated according to light scatter properties (pseudocolor plots), and analyzed in histograms for fluorescence intensity of a live/dead dye. |
|
Reaction Conditions |
0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 µM, 37°C for four days |
|
Applications |
For DOM-1, this 10-fold higher concentration of the maximum concentration of deoxynivalenol (i.e., 1.6 µM) was chosen based on pilot experiments showing that a deoxynivalenol concentration of 1.6 µM completely abolished ConA-induced proliferation. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
|
Animal models |
The experiment pigs |
|
Preparation Method |
Blood samples were taken from portal and jugular catheter of deoxynivalenol-fed (4.59 mg/kg) and CON-fed (4.59 mg/kg) animals 30 min before infusion of LPS, and initial LPS level was quantified in serum |
|
Dosage form |
4.59 mg/kg, p.o. |
|
Applications |
Numerically higher LPS concentrations were found in portal serum (efferent blood stream from intestine) in comparison to jugular samples in both CON and deoxynivalenol -fed animals. |
|
References: [1].Vatzia E, et al. Deoxynivalenol Affects Proliferation and Expression of Activation-Related Molecules in Major Porcine T-Cell Subsets. Toxins (Basel). 2019 Nov 5;11(11):644. [2].Kahlert S, et al. Effects of deoxynivalenol-feed contamination on circulating LPS in pigs. Innate Immun. 2019 Apr;25(3):168-175. |
|
| Cas No. | 51481-10-8 | SDF | |
| Sinónimos | 4-deoxy Nivalenol | ||
| Chemical Name | (2R,2'S,3R,5R,5aR,6S,9aR)-3,6-dihydroxy-5a-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,5a,6-hexahydrospiro[2,5-methanobenzo[b]oxepine-10,2'-oxiran]-7(9aH)-one | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O[C@H]1[C@H]2O[C@H](C=C(C)C3=O)[C@@]([C@@H]3O)(CO)[C@](C1)(C)[C@@]24OC4 | ||
| Formula | C15H20O6 | M.Wt | 296.32 |
| Solubility | 30 mg/mL in ethanol & DMF, 25mg/mL in DMSO | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
||
| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.3747 mL | 16.8737 mL | 33.7473 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.6749 mL | 3.3747 mL | 6.7495 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.3375 mL | 1.6874 mL | 3.3747 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00%
- COA (Certificate Of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 37 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)
GLPBIO products are for RESEARCH USE ONLY. Please make sure your review or question is research based.
Required fields are marked with *