Vinpocetine (Synonyms: Apovincaminic Acid ethyl ester, AY 27255, RGH-4405)

Vinpocetine (Ethyl apovincaminate) is a derivative of the alkaloid Vincamine that blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels. The IC50 value of Vinpocetine on direct IKK inhibition in the cell-free system is 17.17 μM. Vinpocetine is a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor and inhibits NF-κB-dependent inflammatory responses by directly targeting IκB kinase complex (IKK), and has been widely used for the treatment of cerebrovascular disorders[1][2][3].

Vinpocetine (5-50 μM; 7 hours; VSMCs, HUVECs, A549 cells and RAW264.7 cells) potently inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB-dependent transcriptional activity in a dose-dependent manner with an approximate IC50 value of 25 μM. Vinpocetine do not have a significant effect on cell viability[1].Vinpocetine (50 μM; 7 hours; VSMCs, HUVECs, A549 cells and RAW264.7 cells) potently inhibits TNF-α-induced up-regulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, MCP-1, VCAM-1, ICAM-1and MIP-2 transcripts in several cell types[1].

Vinpocetine (2.5-10 mg/kg; intraperitoneal injection; C57BL/6 mice) potently inhibits TNF-α- or LPS-induced up-regulation of proinflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and MIP-2, and decreases interstitial infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in a mouse model of TNF-α- or LPS-induced lung inflammation[1].

References:
[1]. Kye-Im Jeon et al. Vinpocetine inhibits NF-κB-dependent inflammation via an IKK-dependent but PDE-independent mechanism PNAS May 25, 2010 vol. 107 no. 21 9795-9800
[2]. Patyar S, et al. Role of vinpocetine in cerebrovascular diseases. Pharmacol Rep. 2011;63(3):618-28.
[3]. Alexandre E. Medina Vinpocetine as a potent antiinflammatory agent PNAS June 1, 2010, Vol. 107, No. 22 9921-9922.