BacitracinはBacillus subtilis var Tracyのリケニフォルミスグループの生物で生産されたポリペプチド抗生物質である[1]。Bacitracinは、ウンデカプレニルピロリン酸と結合することで、細胞壁の生物合成と通過性を阻害する[2]。Bacitracinはよく抗菌メカニズムの研究に使われる[3][4]。
体外で、Bacitracin (1mM;48時間)でヒト黒色腫MeWo細胞を処理した結果、ジペプチジルペプチダーゼIV(DPP-IV)とアミノペプチダーゼN(APN)を競合的に阻害し、細胞の生存率を減らし、DNAの断片化(sub-G₁のピークは24.3%に上昇)と細胞のアポトーシスを誘発する[5]。
体内で、Bacitracin (0-100mg/kg;筋肉内注射;12日間、一日一回)はC3HマウスのMH134肝細胞癌異種移植で、腫瘍の成長を著しく抑制し、アポトーシス細胞の割合を増やし、微小血管密度を減らし、中心壊死領域を増やした[6]。Bacitracin (20mg/マウス;経口投与;7日間、毎日一回)はC57BL/10マウスで、血清FITC-dextranのレベルを減らし、回腸ZO-1、JAM-A、occludinと結腸ZO-1、claudin-3とclaudin-4のmRNA発現を上方制御し、腸管透過性を減らす[7]。
References:
[1] Piepenbreier H, Sim A, Kobras CM, et al. From Modules to Networks: a Systems-Level Analysis of the Bacitracin Stress Response in Bacillus subtilis. mSystems. 2020;5(1):e00687-19.
[2] Economou NJ, Cocklin S, Loll PJ. High-resolution crystal structure reveals molecular details of target recognition by bacitracin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110(35):14207-14212.
[3] Buijs NP, Vlaming HC, Kotsogianni I, et al. A classic antibiotic reimagined: Rationally designed bacitracin variants exhibit potent activity against vancomycin-resistant pathogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024;121(29):e2315310121.
[4] Si W, Wang L, Usongo V, Zhao X. Colistin Induces S. aureus Susceptibility to Bacitracin. Front Microbiol. 2018;9:2805.
[5] Méndez LR, Arrebola Y, Valdés-Tresanco ME, et al. Bestatin and bacitracin inhibit porcine kidney cortex dipeptidyl peptidase IV activity and reduce human melanoma MeWo cell viability. Int J Biol Macromol. 2020;164:2944-2952.
[6] Yu SJ, Yoon JH, Yang JI, et al. Enhancement of hexokinase II inhibitor-induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via augmenting ER stress and anti-angiogenesis by protein disulfide isomerase inhibition. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2012;44(1):101-115.
[7] Nevado R, Forcén R, Layunta E, Murillo MD, Grasa L. Neomycin and bacitracin reduce the intestinal permeability in mice and increase the expression of some tight-junction proteins. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2015;107(11):672-676.
















