5-Taurinomethyluridine is a taurine-containing modified uridine and translation regulator that exists in Trp and Leu (UUR) tRNAs of mammalian mitochondria. 5-Taurinomethyluridine is located at the first position of the anticodon of these mitochondrial tRNAs. 5-Taurinomethyluridine is synthesized from taurine and one-carbon metabolites by GTPBP3/MTO1, and its deficiency directly causes abnormal mitochondrial translation and various human mitochondrial diseases [1] [2].
In Vitro, 5-taurinomethyluridine is a modified nucleoside present in the anticodon region of human and ascidian mt tRNAs for Trp and Leu(UUR), with a molecular mass of 381 Da and a sulfonic acid-containing taurinomethyl side chain at position 5 of the uracil base[1].
References:
[1]. Suzuki T, et al. Novel taurine-containing uridine derivatives and mitochondrial human diseases. Nucleic Acids Res Suppl. 2001;(1):257-258.
[2]. Asano K, et al. Metabolic and chemical regulation of tRNA modification associated with taurine deficiency and human disease. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46(4):1565-1583.
In Vitro, 5-taurinomethyluridine is a modified nucleoside present in the anticodon region of human and ascidian mt tRNAs for Trp and Leu(UUR), with a molecular mass of 381 Da and a sulfonic acid-containing taurinomethyl side chain at position 5 of the uracil base[1].
References:
[1]. Suzuki T, et al. Novel taurine-containing uridine derivatives and mitochondrial human diseases. Nucleic Acids Res Suppl. 2001;(1):257-258.
[2]. Asano K, et al. Metabolic and chemical regulation of tRNA modification associated with taurine deficiency and human disease. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46(4):1565-1583.