Spexin (Synonyms: Neuropeptide Q) |
رقم الكتالوجGA23511
One-Click Copy Product Info
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Spexin عبارة عن ببتيد محفوظ يلعب أدوار الناقل العصبي / المعدل العصبي وعامل الغدد الصماء
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 1370290-58-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Spexin is a conserved peptide that functions as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator and endocrine factor[1]. Spexin is a pleiotropic neuropeptide that can participate in the regulation of anxiety[2]. Spexin can regulate the lipogenesis and lipolysis processes in adipocytes, regulate insulin secretion, and also has cardioprotective properties[3, 4].
In vitro, INS-1E cells were treated with Spexin (1, 10, 100, 1000nM) for 1.5h. At 16mM glucose level, Spexin reduced the insulin secretion of cells, increased cell viability and proliferation, and increased the level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein[5]. Spexin (1μM) treatment of C2C12 cells for 24h promoted cell proliferation and differentiation[6].
In vivo, Spexin (50μg/kg/day) was treated by subcutaneous injection in high-fat diet rats for 8 weeks, which significantly reduced the body weight of rats and reduced the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value[7].
References:
[1] Porzionato A, Rucinski M, Macchi V, et al. Spexin expression in normal rat tissues[J]. Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 2010, 58(9): 825-837.
[2] Zhuang M, Lai Q, Yang C, et al. Spexin as an anxiety regulator in mouse hippocampus: Mechanisms for transcriptional regulation of spexin gene expression by corticotropin releasing factor[J]. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 2020, 525(2): 326-333.
[3] Engin A. Adiponectin Resistance in Obesity: Adiponectin Leptin/Insulin Interaction[J]. Obesity and Lipotoxicity, 2024: 431-462.
[4] Ou W, Liu H, Chen C, et al. Spexin inhibits excessive autophagy‐induced ferroptosis to alleviate doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity by upregulating Beclin 1[J]. British Journal of Pharmacology, 2024, 181(21): 4195-4213.
[5] Sassek M, Kolodziejski P A, Strowski M Z, et al. Spexin modulates functions of rat endocrine pancreatic cells[J]. Pancreas, 2018, 47(7): 904-909.
[6] Leciejewska N, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Mielnik K, et al. Spexin Promotes the Proliferation and Differentiation of C2C12 Cells In Vitro—The Effect of Exercise on SPX and SPX Receptor Expression in Skeletal Muscle In Vivo[J]. Genes, 2021, 13(1): 81.
[7] Gu L, Ding X, Wang Y, et al. Spexin alleviates insulin resistance and inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis via the FoxO1/PGC-1α pathway in high-fat-diet-induced rats and insulin resistant cells[J]. International journal of biological sciences, 2019, 15(13): 2815.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
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Cell lines |
INS-1E cells |
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Preparation Method |
One hour before the experiments, buffer was changed to a fresh one without glucose to equalize the metabolism and allow sensitization to glucose. Then, the buffer was changed once again to a buffer with glucose (6 or 16mM) and an appropriate concentration of Spexin (1, 10, 100, and 1000nM). Secretion of insulin was measured with a Rat Insulin RIA Kit in Krebs-Ringer buffer after 1.5h of incubation. |
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Reaction Conditions |
1, 10, 100, 1000nM; 1.5h |
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Applications |
Insulin secretion from cultured cells was reduced by Spexin at 16mM glucose level. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
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Animal models |
Sprague-Dawley rats |
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Preparation Method |
The animals were randomly assigned to either the control group or HFD intervention group. The control group was fed with regular rat chow (62% carbohydrate, 27% protein, and 11% fat), while the HFD group was provided with the HFD (45% carbohydrate, 20% protein, and 35% fat). The rats in the control group were assigned either to treat with PBS or Spexin. The HFD rats were also assigned to one of the two treatments: the PBS-treated group or the Spexin-treated group. The Spexin intervention was initiated at 18 weeks of age and continued for 8 weeks. Spexin was administered by subcutaneous injection at a dose of 50μg/kg/day. |
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Dosage form |
50μg/kg/day for 8 weeks; s.c. |
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Applications |
Exogenous Spexin treatment resulted in weight loss and decrease of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced rats. |
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References: |
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| Cas No. | 1370290-58-6 | SDF | |
| المرادفات | Neuropeptide Q | ||
| Formula | C74H114N20O19S | M.Wt | 1619.91 |
| الذوبان | H2O : 25 mg/mL (15.43 mM; Need ultrasonic) | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 617.3 μL | 3.0866 mL | 6.1732 mL |
| 5 mM | 123.5 μL | 617.3 μL | 1.2346 mL |
| 10 mM | 61.7 μL | 308.7 μL | 617.3 μL |
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Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL saline, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00% Appearance: A solid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 16 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)