المراجع (Citations)
2 publicationsمنشورات الباحثين الذين استخدموا هذا المنتجالوصف (Description)
Pitstop2 is a clathrin inhibitor that inhibits amphoteric binding of clathrin terminal domains with an IC50 value of 12μM[1-2].
In Hela cells, Pitstop2 (5-30µM) inhibits clathrin-independent endocytosis in a dose-dependent manner. In BEAS-2B and COS-7 cells, Pitstop2 (20μM) inhibits the uptake of transferrin and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) proteins[3]. Pitstop2 inhibits gridin-mediated transferrin uptake in HeLa and U2OS cells with IC50 values of 12-15μM and 9.7μM, respectively [1].
Pitstop2 (10µg/kg) pretreatment can partially prevent nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced hyperalgesia in rat chronic migraine (CM) model. Compared with NTG+ vehicle group, Pitstop2 can significantly reduce the expression of CGRP and c-Fos in trigeminal ganglion (TG) and reduce the activation of trigeminovascular system (TVS) in CM rats [4].
References:
[1] von Kleist, L., Stahlschmidt, W., Bulut, H., et al. Role of the clathrin terminal domain in regulating coated pit dynamics revealed by small molecule inhibition. Cell 146(3), 471-484 (2012).
[2] Smith CM, Haucke V, McCluskey A, Robinson PJ, Chircop M. Inhibition of clathrin by pitstop 2 activates the spindle assembly checkpoint and induces cell death in dividing HeLa cancer cells. Mol Cancer. 2013 Jan 17;12:4.
[3] Dutta D, Williamson C D, Cole N B, et al. Pitstop 2 is a potent inhibitor of clathrin-independent endocytosis[J]. 2012.
[4] Zhang L, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Yang L, Wang Y, Shan Z, Liang J, Xiao Z. Inhibiting PAC1 receptor internalization and endosomal ERK pathway activation may ameliorate hyperalgesia in a chronic migraine rat model. Cephalalgia. 2023 Apr;43(4):3331024231163131.
البروتوكول (Protocol)
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | ARPE-19 cells |
Preparation Method | ARPE-19 cells were treated with 10μM pitstop2, 30μM dyngo4A, 80μM dynasore or vehicle control (DMSO) for 30 min. The expression of p-AKT was detected by western blot assay. |
Reaction Conditions | 10μΜ, 30min |
Applications | ARPE-19 cells treated with 10μM pitstop2 ablated epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated Akt phosphorylation. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | Rat model of chronic migraine |
Preparation Method | The rats were divided into four groups: Saline, Nitroglycerin (NTG, i.p.), NTG + vehicle and NTG + Pitstop2 (i.n.). The NTG + Pitstop2 group was given Pitstop2 every other day, followed by NTG 30 minutes later. Behavioral tests were performed 20 minutes before i.n. administration and two hours after i.p. injection. |
Dosage form | 10µg/kg, Two days a day for nine days, i.n. |
Applications | Pitstop2 can significantly increase the threshold of basic mechanical pain and thermal pain, and reverse NTG-induced acute mechanical pain and thermal pain allergy. |
References: [1] Garay C, Judge G, Lucarelli S, Bautista S, Pandey R, Singh T, Antonescu CN. Epidermal growth factor-stimulated Akt phosphorylation requires clathrin or ErbB2 but not receptor endocytosis. Mol Biol Cell. 2015 Oct 1;26(19):3504-19. [2] Zhang L, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Yang L, Wang Y, Shan Z, Liang J, Xiao Z. Inhibiting PAC1 receptor internalization and endosomal ERK pathway activation may ameliorate hyperalgesia in a chronic migraine rat model. Cephalalgia. 2023 Apr;43(4):3331024231163131. | |
وثائق المنتج (Product Documents)
الخصائص الكيميائية (Chemical Properties)
استخدم المحاليل المخزونة خلال 6 أشهر عند حفظها في -80°C، أو خلال شهر واحد عند حفظها في -20°C.
لتحسين الذوبانية، سخّن الأنبوب إلى 37°C وعرّضه للموجات فوق الصوتية لمدة مناسبة.
الحاسبات (Calculators)المولارية / التخفيف / الوزن الجزيئي / تحويل الوحدات / تركيبة داخل الجسم الحي / الذوبانية
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