Paclobutrazol (Synonyms: PBZ) |
رقم الكتالوجGC47854
One-Click Copy Product Info
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يُعد Paclobutrazol مثبطًا لنمو النبات يحتوي على التريازول ومن المعروف أنه يثبط التخليق الحيوي للجبريلينات
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 76738-62-0
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Paclobutrazol is a highly efficient plant growth regulator that functions by inhibiting the biosynthesis of gibberellins, which are plant hormones responsible for stem elongation and other growth processes[1]. Paclobutrazol can be absorbed by plant roots and transported to the stem, making it an important tool for modulating plant structure and enhancing agricultural productivity[2]. Studies have shown that the inhibitory effect of Paclobutrazol on gibberellin production varies among different plant species but generally lies in the low micromolar range [3]. Additionally, Paclobutrazol has been found to cause embryotoxicity in zebrafish[4].
In vitro, pre-treatment of HepaRG hepatocytes with Paclobutrazol (90–360µM) for 72 hours significantly reduced cell viability, increased oxidative stress levels, and elevated the apoptosis rate. Moreover, Paclobutrazol impaired autophagy by inhibiting the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby exacerbating apoptosis[5]. Pre-treatment of free endosperm cells from Cucurbita maxima with Paclobutrazol (9.5nM) significantly inhibited the activity of ent-kaurene oxidase. Additionally, the azido derivative of Paclobutrazol (AZP) bound to cytochrome P450 in Cucurbita maxima microsomes and induced a Type II spectral change, with an apparent binding constant of 0.24±0.04µM[6].
In vivo, exposure of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to Paclobutrazol (10mg/L) for 14 days significantly induced oxidative stress, increased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC), and decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Paclobutrazol also exhibited neurotoxicity in zebrafish[7]. Paclobutrazol (32.5mg/kg and 260mg/kg) was administered via gavage to 6–8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats for 28 days. Paclobutrazol significantly reduced the levels of thyroid hormone T4 in rat serum, increased thyroid follicular cell inflammation and follicular deformation, and disrupted the function of the thyroid endocrine system[8].
References:
[1] Xu Y, Zhu Y, Wang X, et al. PACLOBUTRAZOL-RESISTANCE4 positively regulates cell expansion to promote tendril elongation in cucumber. Plant Physiol. 2023 Aug 3;192(4):2756-2767.
[2] Urfan M, Hakla HR, Sharma S, et al. Paclobutrazol improves surface water use efficiency by regulating allometric trait behavior in maize. Chemosphere. 2022 Nov;307(Pt 3):135958.
[3] Zhang Y, He Z, Xing P, et al. Effects of paclobutrazol seed priming on seedling quality, photosynthesis, and physiological characteristics of fragrant rice. BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Jan 17;24(1):53.
[4] Hussain A, Audira G, Siregar P, et al. Waterborne Exposure of Paclobutrazol at Environmental Relevant Concentration Induce Locomotion Hyperactivity in Larvae and Anxiolytic Exploratory Behavior in Adult Zebrafish.
[5] Luo Y, Lu S, Sun X, et al. Paclobutrazol exposure induces apoptosis and impairs autophagy in hepatocytes via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2021 Oct;35(10):e22874.
[6] Hallahan DL, Heasman AP, Grossel MC, et al. Synthesis and biological activity of an azido derivative of paclobutrazol, an inhibitor of gibberellin biosynthesis. Plant Physiol. 1988 Dec;88(4):1425-9.
[7] Guo D, Luo L, Kong Y, et al. Enantioselective neurotoxicity and oxidative stress effects of paclobutrazol in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2022 Jul;185:105136.
[8] Liu H, Xu Y, Wang Y, et al. Study on endocrine disruption effect of paclobutrazol and uniconazole on the thyroid of male and female rats based on lipidomics. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2022 Apr 1;234:113386.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | HepaRG hepatocytes |
Preparation Method | HepaRG cells were seeded on 96-well plates at a density of 8×10⁴ cells/well and cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin-streptomycin under a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO₂ at 37°C until they reached the logarithmic growth phase. Paclobutrazol (90, 180, and 360µM) was dissolved in DMSO and incubated in FBS‐freecomplete medium for 72h. |
Reaction Conditions | 90, 180, and 360µM; 72h |
Applications | Paclobutrazol inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, induced apoptosis, and impaired autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | Sprague-Dawley rats |
Preparation Method | Rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 16) and exposed to Paclobutrazol via gavage for 28 days. The doses were designed based on previous studies and were equal to 1/5 and 1/40 of the LD50 of Paclobutrazol. For paclobutrazol, both male and female rats were exposed to low dose of 32.5mg/kg (Paclobutrazol) and high dose of 260mg/kg (H-Paclobutrazol). The control group received 0.5% CMC-Na solution (2ml/200g). |
Dosage form | 32.5mg/kg (low dose) and 260mg/kg (high dose); via gavage. |
Applications | Paclobutrazol significantly reduced the levels of thyroid hormone T4 in rat serum, increased thyroid follicular cell inflammation and follicular deformation, and disrupted the function of the thyroid endocrine system. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 76738-62-0 | SDF | |
| المرادفات | PBZ | ||
| Canonical SMILES | ClC1=CC=C(C[C@]([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)([H])N2N=CN=C2)C=C1 | ||
| Formula | C15H20ClN3O | M.Wt | 293.8 |
| الذوبان | DMF: 10 mg/ml,DMSO: 10 mg/ml,Ethanol: 10 mg/ml,Ethanol:PBS(pH 7.2) (1:1): 0.5 mg/ml | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 3.4037 mL | 17.0184 mL | 34.0368 mL |
| 5 mM | 680.7 μL | 3.4037 mL | 6.8074 mL |
| 10 mM | 340.4 μL | 1.7018 mL | 3.4037 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
g
μL
Step 2: Enter the in vivo formulation (This is only the calculator, not formulation. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation at the solubility Section.)
Calculation results:
Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL saline, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >97.00% Appearance: A solid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 15 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)