Sphingosine-1-phosphate (Synonyms: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (d18:1); S1P (d18:1); Sphingosine-1-Phosphoric Acid) |
رقم الكتالوجGC17004
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Cas No.: 26993-30-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
Sphingosine-1-phosphate, a lipid mediator formed by the metabolism of sphingomyelin, is an agonist of S1P receptors[1]. Sphingosine-1-phosphate is secreted into the extracellular environment and signals via G protein-coupled S1P receptors to regulate cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion, and thereby influence cell migration, differentiation, and survival[2]. Sphingosine-1-phosphate activates the ERK signaling pathway to stimulate DNA synthesis, reduces endothelial permeability, and induces cortical reorganization of the endothelial cell cytoskeleton by regulating the Rho and Rac signaling pathways[3]. Sphingosine-1-phosphate has been widely used in signal cascade studies to modulate vascular barrier function and immune function[4].
In vitro, Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1µM) was pre-treated for 1 hour, which significantly prevented the HK-2 cell death induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) and activated the JAK2/STAT3 pathway[5]. Treatment with 400µM Sphingosine-1-phosphate for 4 days markedly suppressed cell apoptosis in the ovarian cortical tissues and reduced the expression of cleaved caspase-3[6]. Treatment with sphingosine-1-phosphate (1µM) for 19 hours significantly reduced cell death in SH-SY5Y cells under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) conditions, decreased OGD-induced membrane depolarization, and promoted the translocation of PKCε to the mitochondria[7].
In vivo, Sphingosine-1-phosphate treatment via subcutaneous injection at a dose of 10ng/day 7 days increased the cholinergic reactivity of bronchial tissues in BALB/c mice[8]. A single intraperitoneal injection of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (100μg/kg) alleviated lung injury induced by intestinal I/R in mice, reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in plasma[9].
References:
[1] Maceyka M, Harikumar K B, Milstien S, et al. Sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling and its role in disease[J]. Trends in cell biology, 2012, 22(1): 50-60.
[2] Mendelson K, Evans T, Hla T. Sphingosine 1-phosphate signalling[J]. Development, 2014, 141(1): 5-9.
[3] Hait N C, Oskeritzian C A, Paugh S W, et al. Sphingosine kinases, sphingosine 1-phosphate, apoptosis and diseases[J]. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Biomembranes, 2006, 1758(12): 2016-2026.
[4] Blaho V A, Hla T. An update on the biology of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors[J]. Journal of lipid research, 2014, 55(8): 1596-1608.
[5] de Assis J L, Grelle G M R S, Fernandes A M, et al. Sphingosine 1-phosphate protective effect on human proximal tubule cells submitted to an in vitro ischemia model: the role of JAK2/STAT3: de Assis et al[J]. Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2024, 80(4): 831-843.
[6] Guzel Y, Bildik G, Oktem O. Sphingosine-1-phosphate protects human ovarian follicles from apoptosis in vitro[J]. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 2018, 222: 19-24.
[7] Agudo-López A, Miguel B G, Fernández I, et al. Involvement of mitochondria on neuroprotective effect of sphingosine-1-phosphate in cell death in an in vitro model of brain ischemia[J]. Neuroscience letters, 2010, 470(2): 130-133.
[8] Roviezzo F, D'Agostino B, Brancaleone V, et al. Systemic administration of sphingosine-1-phosphate increases bronchial hyperresponsiveness in the mouse[J]. American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology, 2010, 42(5): 572-577.
[9] Ding R, Han J, Tian Y, et al. Sphingosine-1-phosphate attenuates lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in mice: role of inducible nitric-oxide synthase[J]. Inflammation, 2012, 35(1): 158-166.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
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Cell lines |
SH-SY5Y cells |
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Preparation Method |
SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 1% penicillin-streptomycin, and 1% glutamine in a humidified incubator containing 5% CO2 at 37°C. Cells were exposed to OGD for 3h, followed by 16h of recovery, with or without Sphingosine-1-phosphate (0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1μM), and cell viability was measured. |
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Reaction Conditions |
0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1µM; 19h |
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Applications |
Sphingosine-1-phosphate treatment enhanced the cell viability of SH-SY5Y cells under OGD conditions in a dose-dependent manner. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
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Animal models |
Male C57BL/6 mice |
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Preparation Method |
Male C57BL/6 mice (8-week-old) were maintained in a controlled environment at 22-24°C and 60% relative humidity under a 12h light/dark cycle, and were given free access to food and water. Mice were fasted overnight before the experiment but had free access to water. Mice were anesthetized with 3% isoflurane and the abdomen was shaved and rinsed with 70% isopropanol solution. Anesthesia was maintained using 1% isoflurane and body temperature was maintained at 37°C using a heating pad. A midline laparotomy was made and, using a dissecting microscope, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) as well as the collateral branch from the celiac axis were identified and occluded with nontraumatic vascular clamps. After 45 min of ischemia, the SMA was re-perfused. Then the abdomen was closed. Ischemia was determined by the existence of pulseless or pale color of the small intestine. The return of pulse and restoration of pink color were assumed to be due to the reperfusion of the intestine. In the sham-operated group, the SMA and collateral branches from the celiac axis were identified but were not occluded. Mice were randomized to three groups: (1) sham-operated mice (sham group; n=8), (2) mice exposed to SMA occlusion for 45min followed by reperfusion for 6h (I/R group; n=8), or (3) mice exposed to I/R that received Sphingosine-1-phosphate (I/R+S1P group; n=8). As soon as the abdomen was closed, Sphingosine-1-phosphate (100μg/kg; dissolved in 0.9% saline solution) was administered by intraperitoneal injection. An equal volume of saline was administered to the sham group and I/R group as a vehicle. After 6-h reperfusion, the lung tissues of the mice were collected for analysis. |
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Dosage form |
100μg/kg; once; i.p. |
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Applications |
Sphingosine-1-phosphate markedly attenuated I/R-induced lung injury, manifested by the improvement of histological changes and significant decreases of lung water content. |
References: [1] Agudo-López A, Miguel B G, Fernández I, et al. Involvement of mitochondria on neuroprotective effect of sphingosine-1-phosphate in cell death in an in vitro model of brain ischemia[J]. Neuroscience letters, 2010, 470(2): 130-133. [2] Ding R, Han J, Tian Y, et al. Sphingosine-1-phosphate attenuates lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in mice: role of inducible nitric-oxide synthase[J]. Inflammation, 2012, 35(1): 158-166. | |
| Cas No. | 26993-30-6 | SDF | |
| المرادفات | Sphingosine-1-phosphate (d18:1); S1P (d18:1); Sphingosine-1-Phosphoric Acid | ||
| Chemical Name | (2S,3R,E)-2-amino-3-hydroxyoctadec-4-en-1-yl dihydrogen phosphate | ||
| Canonical SMILES | O[C@H](/C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCCC)[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)N | ||
| Formula | C18H38NO5P | M.Wt | 379.5 |
| الذوبان | 0.3M NaOH: 4 mg/ml,DMF: <50 µg/ml,DMSO: <50 µg/ml,PBS pH 7.2: <50 µg/ml | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.635 mL | 13.1752 mL | 26.3505 mL |
| 5 mM | 527 μL | 2.635 mL | 5.2701 mL |
| 10 mM | 263.5 μL | 1.3175 mL | 2.635 mL |
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Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00% Appearance: A solid
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- Datasheet
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Related Biological Data
Product ion mass spectra of sphingosine (d16:0). (D) sphingosine-1-phosphate
The storage solution of S1P (GlpBio, USA) was confgured by (DMSO/concentrated hydrochloric acid (100:2), v/v) at a concentration of 500μg/mL.
Lipids Health Dis 22.1 (2023): 1-15. PMID: 36698123 IF: 4.3212 -
Related Biological Data
Vitamin D increases cell-substrate attachment quality by stabilizing F-actin in PC12 cells. (C) PC12 cells were treated with or without 2uM S1P and 100nM 1,25- (OH)2D3 for 48h respectively, F-actin was stained by fluorescein analysised by EVOS M7000 3D digital confocal fluorescence microscopy.
PC12 cells were treated with 2uM S1P (GlpBio, USA) and 100nM 1,25-(OH)2D3 for 48h respectively, stained with 4.5uM PI(red, stained cells) for 30min in 37 ℃ incubator avoiding light.
J Steroid Biochem, 2024, 236: 106425. PMID: 37984747 IF: 4.0998
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