Conimine TFA

Conimine TFA is a steroidal alkaloid, antibacterial agent and potentiator. Conimine TFA is isolated from the seeds of Holarrhena antidysenteriaca Wall.ex A.DC. Conimine TFA exhibits intrinsic antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. When combined with Penicillin, Conimine TFA shows synergistic antibacterial effects against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; when combined with Vancomycin, it exerts synergistic antibacterial effects against both methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ^[1].

In Vitro, Conimine (two-fold serial dilutions; 24 h) TFA inhibits the growth of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with an MIC of 128 μg·mL−1 for both strains^[1]. Conimine (1/64-1 of its MIC (128 μg·mL-1)) TFA exhibits synergistic antibacterial activity with penicillin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and with vancomycin against both methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), while showing a nonrelative effect with penicillin against MSSA^[1].

References:
[1]. Zhou LN, et al. Antibacterial steroidal alkaloids from Holarrhena antidysenteriaca. Chin J Nat Med. 2017;15(7):540-545.