12-Deoxywithastramonolide is a natural lactone found in ashwagandha (W.somnifera)[1].
In vitro, 12-Deoxywithastramonolide (0-200µM; 24 or 48h) exhibited low cytotoxicity in J774A.1 macrophages[2]. 12-Deoxywithastramonolide (10µM; 24h) significantly inhibited NO production in LPS-activated J774A.1 macrophages[2]. 12-Deoxywithastramonolide (1.25-10µM; 24h) dose-dependently increased erythrocyte membrane stability and inhibited protein denaturation, with an IC₅₀ of 8.16µM[2].
In vivo, a single oral dose of 12-Deoxywithastramonolide (20mg/kg) significantly attenuated acute thermal nociception in mice, as evidenced by prolonged withdrawal latency to thermal stimulus[2]. A single oral dose of 12-Deoxywithastramonolide (20mg/kg) reduced acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions in mice (writhing response), exhibiting a 32% inhibition[2]. A single oral dose of 12-Deoxywithastramonolide (20mg/kg) inhibited rat paw edema with a rate of approximately 38%[2].
References:
[1] Nile SH, Nile A, Gansukh E, Baskar V, Kai G. Subcritical water extraction of withanosides and withanolides from ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L) and their biological activities. Food Chem Toxicol. 2019;132:110659.
[2] Chandan G, Kumar C, Chibber P, et al. Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities and molecular docking analysis of steroidal lactones from Datura stramonium L. Phytomedicine. 2021;89:153621.