Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone human acetate salt (LHRH) is a selective acitivator of MMP-2 and MMP-9 [1, 2].
Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), also known as Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a trophic peptide hormone which secreted by GnRH neurons and plays an important role in the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary [3].
MMP-2 (matrix metalloproteinase-2) and MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) belong to the MMP family that play an important role in the breakdown of extracellular matrix (ECM) in normal physiological processes, for example, embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis [2].
When tested with Ishikawa and ECC-1 cell lines, LHRH resulted in the increase of MMP-9 expression which induced cell invasion and it was also showed that GPR101 mediated the LHRH activity and cooperated to function in the metastatic potential of endometrial cancer cells [1]. In human decidual endometrial stromal cells, LHRH with its receptor induced the activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 [2].
References:
[1].? Cho-Clark, M., et al., GnRH-(1-5) Activates Matrix Metallopeptidase-9 to release Epidermal Growth Factor and Promote Cellular Invasion. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 2015.
[2].? Wu, H.M., et al., Gonadotropin-releasing hormone type II (GnRH-II) agonist regulates the motility of human decidual endometrial stromal cells: possible effect on embryo implantation and pregnancy. Biol Reprod, 2015. 92(4): p. 98.
[3].? Garnick, M.B. and M. Campion, Abarelix Depot, a GnRH antagonist, v LHRH superagonists in prostate cancer: differential effects on follicle-stimulating hormone. Abarelix Depot study group. Mol Urol, 2000. 4(3): p. 275-7.