PV-DPD-19

PV-DPD-19 is an autoinducer-2 ( AI-2 ) quorum sensing inhibitor. PV-DPD-19 reduces AI-2 production and inhibits the expression of multiple MSCRAMM s. In co-culture systems with Staphylococcus aureus, PV-DPD-19 decreases the production of pyocyanin and Elastase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PV-DPD-19 impairs the adhesion ability of Staphylococcus aureus to lung epithelial cells. PV-DPD-19 inhibits biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( MBIC 50 = 27 μg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus ( MBIC 50 = 35 μg/mL). PV-DPD-19 shows no cytotoxicity in both in vitro lung epithelial cell models and in vivo Galleria mellonella larva models ^[1].

In Vivo, PV-DPD-19 (1-200 μM; injected into the proleg using a microsyringe; single dose) shows no visible acute toxicity to Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth) larvae even at concentrations up to 200 μM, with the survival rate maintained at ≥97% within 72 h^[1].

In Vitro, PV-DPD-19 inhibits biofilm formation by *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* (MBIC50 = 27 μg/mL) and *Staphylococcus aureus* (MBIC50 = 35 μg/mL)^[1]. PV-DPD-19 significantly reduces the adhesion rate of *Staphylococcus aureus* to human A549 epithelial cells by approximately 30%^[1]. PV-DPD-19 (2 mM; overnight, 8 h) significantly reduces AI-2 production in *Staphylococcus aureus* SH1000 as determined by the *Vibrio harveyi* bioluminescence assay^[1]. PV-DPD-19 (20-40 μM; 16 h) reduces pyocyanin production in *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* PAO1 in a dose-dependent manner^[1]. PV-DPD-19 (3.12-200 μM; 24 h) shows no cytotoxicity against epithelial cell line A549^[1].

References:
[1]. Pellegrini A, et al.. Targeting Autoinducer-2 Quorum Sensing: Novel Inhibitors Attenuate Virulence in Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa[J]. ACS Omega, 2026.