Permethrin-d9

Permethrin-d₉ is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of permethrin by GC- or LC-MS. Permethrin is a modulator of voltage-gated sodium channels (Na_V) that is used as an insecticide.¹ It delays channel deactivation of the Na_V1.8 channel expressed in X. laevis oocytes. It is at least 100-fold more potent at insect than mammalian sodium channels, leading to slow deactivation of D. para/TipE, but not rat brain IIA or β1, sodium channels expressed in X. laevis oocytes when used at a concentration of 500 nM.² Permethrin (5 µM) increases sodium influx in BV-2 and primary microglial cells by approximately 28 and 29%, respectively, and activates microglia.³ Long-term application of permethrin leads to dose- and time-dependent intracellular sodium accumulation and TNF-α release in microglia in vitro. Formulations containing permethrin have been used for the treatment of head lice and scabies infestations.