Hoechst 34580 is a DNA dye with a maximum excitation wavelength of 368nm and a maximum emission wavelength of 437nm [1]. Hoechst 34580 binds the DNA minor groove at A–T-rich regions, and stains the DNA of both living and fixed cells, which are compatible with immunohistochemistry applications [2]. Hoechst 34580 can cross the blood-brain barrier and inhibit the aggregation of Aβ42 with an IC50 value of 0.86µM[3]. The Hoechst 34580 can be used to develop a fluorescent blue light optical system for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells [4].
Fig. Fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of Hoechst 34580 bound to DNA
References:
[1] Selph K E. Enumeration of marine microbial organisms by flow cytometry using near‐UV excitation of Hoechst 34580‐stained DNA[J]. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 2021, 19(10): 692-701.
[2] Bucevičius J, Lukinavičius G, Gerasimaitė R. The use of hoechst dyes for DNA staining and beyond[J]. Chemosensors, 2018, 6(2): 18.
[3] Thai N Q, Tseng N H, Vu M T, et al. Discovery of DNA dyes Hoechst 34580 and 33342 as good candidates for inhibiting amyloid beta formation: in silico and in vitro study[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design, 2016, 30(8): 639-650.