Phenelzine (Synonyms: NSC 170957) |
رقم الكتالوجGC31033
One-Click Copy Product Info
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Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 51-71-8
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor [1]. Phenelzine irreversibly inhibits monoamine oxidase A and B in the brain, reducing the breakdown of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin, thereby increasing their levels and improving mood [2-3]. Phenelzine is primarily used to treat refractory depression [4].
In PC12 cells, Phenelzine (1-50μM; 24h) reduced the condensation and fragmentation of nuclei caused by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) [5]. In 3T3-F442A and 3T3-L1 cells, reductions in cellular triglycerides and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) were detected at lower Phenelzine (1-10μM; 8d) concentrations [6]. In Molt-4 cells, Phenelzine (5-25μM; 24h) can upregulate the levels of histone H3K4 monomethylation, H3K4 dimethylation and histone H3 acetylation, upregulate the expression of p21 and p15 proteins, and downregulate the expression of DNMT1, ultimately inhibiting the proliferation of Molt-4 cells and inducing cell apoptosis [7].
In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice model, Phenelzine (15mg/kg; ip; 28d) can delay the onset of disease, alleviate the chronic stage of EAE mice, and significantly improve non-motor symptoms such as exploratory behavior and emotional disorders [8]. In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice model, Phenelzine (15mg/kg; ip; 14d) elevates the levels of GABA, dopamine and biogenic amines in the central nervous system [9].
References:
[1]. Robinson D S, Nies A, Ravaris C L, et al. The monoamine oxidase inhibitor, phenelzine, in the treatment of depressive-anxiety states: a controlled clinical trial[J]. Archives of General Psychiatry, 1973, 29(3): 407-413.
[2]. Matveychuk D, MacKenzie E M, Kumpula D, et al. Overview of the neuroprotective effects of the MAO-inhibiting antidepressant phenelzine[J]. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, 2022, 42(1): 225-242.
[3]. MacKenzie E M, Grant S L, Baker G B, et al. Phenelzine causes an increase in brain ornithine that is prevented by prior monoamine oxidase inhibition[J]. Neurochemical Research, 2008, 33(3): 430-436.
[4]. Van den Eynde V, Abdelmoemin W R, Abraham M M, et al. The prescriber’s guide to classic MAO inhibitors (phenelzine, tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid) for treatment-resistant depression[J]. CNS spectrums, 2023, 28(4): 427-440.
[5]. Lee C S, Han E S, Lee W B. Antioxidant effect of phenelzine on MPP+-induced cell viability loss in differentiated PC12 cells[J]. Neurochemical research, 2003, 28(12): 1833-1841.
[6]. Chiche F, Le Guillou M, Chetrite G, et al. Antidepressant phenelzine alters differentiation of cultured human and mouse preadipocytes[J]. Molecular Pharmacology, 2009, 75(5): 1052-1061.
[7]. Qiu Y, Huang Y, Ma X. Effect of phenelzine on the proliferation, apoptosis and histone methylation and acetylation of Molt-4 cells[J]. Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi= Zhonghua Xueyexue Zazhi, 2016, 37(2): 144-148.
[8]. Musgrave T, Benson C, Wong G, et al. The MAO inhibitor phenelzine improves functional outcomes in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)[J]. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 2011, 25(8): 1677-1688.
[9]. Benson C A, Wong G, Tenorio G, et al. The MAO inhibitor phenelzine can improve functional outcomes in mice with established clinical signs in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)[J]. Behavioural brain research, 2013, 252: 302-311.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | PC12 cells |
Preparation Method | PC12 cells (4 × 104) were treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in the presence of Phenelzine for 24h at 37℃. The medium (200μL) was incubated with 10μL of 10mg/mL MTT solution for 2h at 37℃. Culture medium was removed, and 100μL of dimethyl sulfoxide was added to each well to dissolve the formazan. Absorbance was measured at 570nm using a microplate reader. Cell viability was expressed as a percent of the control culture value. |
Reaction Conditions | 1-50μM; 24h |
Applications | Phenelzine reduced the condensation and fragmentation of nuclei caused by MPP+ in PC12 cells. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice model |
Preparation Method | In acute phenelzine treatment experiments, researchers typically administer a single intraperitoneal injection of 30mg/kg of Phenelzine (as the free base, dissolved in antibacterial water) to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice at the peak of disease (score ≥ 3) or to control mice. Three hours after administration, mice are sacrificed, and central nervous system tissue is removed and cryopreserved for subsequent neurotransmitter analysis. Chronic treatment experiments involve daily intraperitoneal injections of 15mg/kg of Phenelzine or an equal volume of solvent for 28 consecutive days, starting on day 7 after modeling. Central nervous system (CNS) tissue is harvested the morning after treatment for immunohistochemistry or HPLC analysis. |
Dosage form | 15mg/kg; ip; 28d |
Applications | Phenelzine can delay the onset of disease, alleviate the chronic stage of EAE mice, and significantly improve non-motor symptoms such as exploratory behavior and emotional disorders. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 51-71-8 | SDF | |
| المرادفات | NSC 170957 | ||
| Chemical Name | (2-phenylethyl)-hydrazine, monosulfate | ||
| Canonical SMILES | NNCCC1=CC=CC=C1 | ||
| Formula | C8H12N2 | M.Wt | 136.19 |
| الذوبان | Slightly soluble in DMSO | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 7.3427 mL | 36.7134 mL | 73.4268 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.4685 mL | 7.3427 mL | 14.6854 mL |
| 10 mM | 734.3 μL | 3.6713 mL | 7.3427 mL |
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Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
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Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00% Appearance: A solid
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Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 27 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)