Autoimmunity

16α ؛ -هيدروكسي إسترون (16α ؛ OHE) هو مستقلب استراديول رئيسي.

2'2'-cGAMP is a synthetic dinucleotide (CDN) that contains non-canonical 2'5'-phosphodiester bonds.

7-hydroxy Methotrexate (7-hydroxy MTX) is a phase I metabolite of MTX, which is converted by hepatic aldehyde oxidases.

9-Deazaguanine is a purine nucleoside analog with oral activity, functioning as a potent inhibitor of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP).

A potential impurity found in commercial preparations of aceclofenac

A potential impurity in commercial preparations of aceclofenac

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) catalyzes the phosphorylation of PI at the three position to produce the second messengers PtdIns-(3,4)-P2 and PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3.

AUY954 is an orally bioavailable and selective agonist of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1; EC50 = 1.2 nM for stimulating GTPγS binding to S1P1 in CHO cells).

Avenanthramide-C methyl ester is an inhibitor of NF-κB activation that acts by blocking the phosphorylation of IKK and IκB (IC50 ~ 40 μM).

BMS 345541 is a cell permeable inhibitor of the IκB kinases IKKα and IKKβ (IC50s = 4 and 0.3 μM).

C12 Galactosylceramide is a bioactive sphingolipid.

C24 Phytosphingosine (t18:0/24:0) is a phytoceramide, which is a family of sphingolipids found in the intestine, kidney, and extracellular spaces of the stratum corneum of the mammalian epidermis.

C24:1 3'-sulfo Galactosylceramide is a member of the sulfatide class of glycolipids.

CAY10575 (المركب 8) هو مثبط IKK2 مع IC50 من 0.075 μ ؛ M.

Cyclic di-IMP (sodium salt) (c-di-IMP) is a synthetic second messenger structurally related to the bacterial second messengers cyclic di-GMP and cyclic di-AMP.

Diclofenac acyl-β-D-glucuronide is an active metabolite of diclofenac and the predominant metabolite in rat.

Diclofenac methyl ester is a hydrophobic prodrug form of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac.

DL-threo PDMP is a mixture of ceramide analogs that contains two of the four possible stereoisomers of PDMP : D-threo (1R,2R) and L-threo (1S,2S) PDMP.

Halofuginone is a halogenated derivative of febrifugine, a natural quinazolinone-containing compound found in the Chinese herb D.

Histone H3 (23-34) is a peptide fragment of histone H3 that corresponds to amino acid residues 24-35 of the human histone H3.1 and H3.2 sequences.

Histone H3K27Me2 (23-34) is a peptide fragment of histone H3 that corresponds to amino acid residues 24-35 of the human histone H3.1 and H3.2 sequences.

Inhibitor of NF-κB kinase 2 (IKK2, also known as IKKβ) acts as part of an IKK complex in the canonical NF-κB pathway, phosphorylating inhibitors of NF-κB (IκBs) to initiate signaling.

LL-37 is a cationic and α-helical antimicrobial peptide expressed in human bone marrow, testis, granulocytes, and gingival epithelium and is upregulated in psoriatic lesions.

Myelin basic protein (MPB) (87-99) is an encephalitogenic peptide.