Theaflavine-3,3'-digallate

1. Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate is an inducer of oxidative stress and apoptosis.
2. A combination microbicide containing theaflavin-3,3'-digallate and lactic acid can reduce herpes simplex virus (HSV) transmission.
3. Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate may be useful chemoprevention agents for prostate cancer through suppressing the function of androgen and its receptor.
4. Theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate has strong antioxidant and antiangiogenic activities, it inhibits the tube formation of endothelial cells via decreased both MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities in vitro.
5. Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate may exert its anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive actions by suppressing the activation of NFkappaB through inhibition of IkappaB kinase (IKK) activity.
6. Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate is a potent AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activator with anti-adiposity activity in adipocytes, suggesting its potential application in functional foods and nutraceuticals for obesity management.
7. Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate can repress osteoclastogenesis and prevent wear debris-induced osteolysis via suppression of ERK pathway, it is a promising candidate for the treatment of osteoclast-related osteolytic diseases, such as wear debris-induced peri-implant osteolysis (PIO).