Dehydroandrographolide is a natural diterpenoid lactone compound extracted from Andrographis paniculata. Dehydroandrographolide, an iNOS inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities, can inhibit LPS-induced oxidative stress by inactivating iNOS[1].
In vitro, Dehydroandrographolide (25, 50, 100µM; 24-72h) inhibited the proliferation of SAS and OECM-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with SAS cell viability suppressed after 48h and OECM-1 cells responding within 24h[1]. Dehydroandrographolide (100µM; 48h) increased cell death through autophagy induction, rather than apoptosis, in human oral cancer cell lines[1]. Dehydroandrographolide (1-100µM; 48h) showed no obvious cytotoxicity for HCT-116 cells[2]. Dehydroandrographolide (1-100µM; 0-24h) increased hBD-2 mRNA and protein expression in HCT-116 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, thereby enhancing intestinal innate immunity[2].
In vivo, Dehydroandrographolide (100mg/kg; p.o.; three times per week for 24 days) suppressed tumor growth with no significant difference in body weight in BALB/c nude mice bearing SAS cell xenografts[1].
References：[1] Hsieh MJ, Lin CW, Chiou HL, Yang SF, Chen MK. Dehydroandrographolide, an iNOS inhibitor, extracted from Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, induces autophagy in human oral cancer cells. Oncotarget. 2015;6(31):30831-30849.
[2] Xiong WB, Shao ZJ, Xiong Y, et al. Dehydroandrographolide enhances innate immunity of intestinal tract through up-regulation the expression of hBD-2. Daru. 2015;23(1):37.