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Reactive Oxygen Species

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Products Related to Reactive Oxygen Species(505)

  • GC44672 structure
    GC44672PPHP
    CAS: 87864-20-8
    Purity: >98.00%

    PPHP is a substrate for the measurement of peroxidase enzymes.

  • GC44860 structure
    GC44860S1QEL1.1
    CAS: 897613-29-5
    Purity: >98.00%

    S1QEL1.1 is a small molecule that suppresses superoxide production during reverse electron transport through the IQ site of the mitochondrial respiratory complex I (IC50 = 70 nM) without affecting oxidative phosphorylation.

  • GC44918 structure
    GC44918SOTS-1 (technical grade)
    CAS: 223507-96-8
    Purity: >80.00%

    Superoxide radical anion is a toxic by-product of mitochondrial respiration that is formed from approximately 1-4% of the oxygen metabolized by aerobic organisms.

  • GC44947 structure
    GC44947SRS16-86
    CAS: 1793052-96-6
    Purity: >98.00%

    SRS16-86 est un inhibiteur de la ferroptose de la classe ferrostatine de troisième génération.

  • GC44989 structure
    GC44989TAN 420E
    CAS: 91700-93-5
    Purity: >95.00%

    TAN 420E is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from Streptomyces.

  • GC45010 structure
    GC45010TEMPONE
    CAS: 2896-70-0
    Purity: >98.00%

    2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) is a stable radical that will react with reactive oxygen species (ROS).

  • GC45059 structure
    GC45059TMB (hydrochloride hydrate)
    CAS: 207738-08-7
    Purity: >98.00%

    TMB is an aromatic amine that undergoes oxidation by the higher oxidation states of heme peroxidases (compounds I and II) thereby serving as a reducing co-substrate.

  • GC45066 structure
    GC45066Tosyl Phenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone
    CAS: 402-71-1
    Purity: >97.00%

    La tosyl phénylalanyl chlorométhyl cétone (L-1-tosylamido-2-phényléthyl chlorométhyl cétone; L-tosyl phényl chlorométhyl cétone) est un puissant inhibiteur de la sérine protéase qui réagit avec le noyau de liaison À la protéine de rétinoblastome (RB) de la protéine HPV-18 E7 et abolit sa capacité de liaison RB.

  • GC45131 structure
    GC45131Urotensin II (human) (trifluoroacetate salt)
    Purity: >95.00%

    Urotensin II is a somatostatin-like neuropeptide agonist of the urotensin II receptor (UTR; Ki = 2 nM).

  • GC45226 structure
    GC45226β-BHC
    CAS: 319-85-7
    Purity: 95.00%

    β-BHC is an isomer of the organochlorine pesticide γ-lindane that is a potential impurity found in commercial preparations of lindane.

  • GC45248 structure
    GC45248(-)-FINO2
    CAS: 869298-31-7
    Purity: >98.00%

    (-)-FINO2 est un peroxyde organique qui peut induire sélectivement la ferroptose et qui est utilisé pour étudier les mécanismes de la ferroptose et les traitements anticancéreux.

  • GC45337 structure
    GC453373-Hydroxyterphenyllin
    CAS: 66163-76-6
    Purity: >70.00%

    La 3-hydroxyterphénylline est un métabolite d'Aspergillus candidus. La 3-hydroxyterphénylline supprime la prolifération et provoque une cytotoxicité contre les cellules A2780/CP70 et OVCAR-3. La 3-hydroxyterphénylline induit l'arrêt de la phase S et l'apoptose. La 3-hydroxyterphénylline a le potentiel pour la recherche sur le cancer de l'ovaire.

  • GC45357 structure
    GC453575-Chlorouracil
    CAS: 1820-81-1
    Purity: >98.00%

  • GC45379 structure
    GC45379Alloxan (hydrate)
    CAS: 2244-11-3
    Purity: >98.00%

  • GC45427 structure
    GC45427Dihydrolycorine
    CAS: 6271-21-2
    Purity: >98.00%

  • GC45513 structure
    GC45513MGR1
    CAS: 2361529-46-4
    Purity: >98.00%

  • GC45578 structure
    GC45578Thymohydroquinone
    CAS: 2217-60-9
    Purity: >98.00%

  • GC45595 structure
    GC45595Vulpinic Acid
    CAS: 521-52-8
    Purity: >98.00%

    L'acide vulpinique, un métabolite du lichen, diminue la production de ROS induite par H2O2, le stress oxydatif et les dommages liés au stress oxydatif dans les cellules endothéliales de la veine ombilicale humaine (HUVEC).

  • GC45662 structure
    GC45662Dieugenol
    CAS: 4433-08-3
    Purity: >98.00%

    A neolignan with antioxidative and antiparasitic activities

  • GC45706 structure
    GC45706GHK-Cu (acetate)
    CAS: 300801-03-0
    Purity: >98.00%

    A tripeptide-copper(II) complex

  • GC45777 structure
    GC45777Peonidin 3-O-glucoside (chloride)
    CAS: 6906-39-4
    Purity: >97.00%

    La péonidine 3-O-glucoside (chlorure), une anthocyanine, agit comme un sécrétagogue de l'insuline.

  • GC45820 structure
    GC45820Balsalazide-d4
    Purity: >99.00%

    Le balsalazide-d4 est du balsalazide marqué au deutérium.

  • GC45877 structure
    GC45877CYM 5478
    CAS: 870762-83-7
    Purity: >98.00%

    CYM 5478 est un agoniste S1P2 puissant et hautement sélectif avec une EC50 de 119 nM dans un test de libération de TGFα.

  • GC45917 structure
    GC45917Leucettine L41
    CAS: 1112978-84-3
    Purity: >98.00%

    La leucettine L41 est un puissant inhibiteur de la kinase 1A régulée par la phosphorylation de la tyrosine À double spécificité (DYRK1A), DYRK2, kinase de type CDC 1 (CLK1) et CLK3 (IC50 = 0,04, 0,035, 0,015 et 4,5 μM, respectivement) [1 ].