(S)-Phenylpiracetam

(S)-Phenylpiracetam ((S)-Carphedon; (S)-Fonturacetam; (S)-MRZ 9547) is an orally active and selective dopamine transporter inhibitor, with K i = 56 μM. (S)-Phenylpiracetam is an isomer of (R)-Phenylpiracetam. (S)-Phenylpiracetam reduces body weight and fat mass gain, decreases plasma leptin and blood glucose levels, and improves glucose tolerance in obese model animals. (S)-Phenylpiracetam can be used for obesity-related research ^[1].

In Vivo, (S)-Phenylpiracetam (50 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; 12 weeks) reduces body weight gain by 16% in obese Zucker rats, significantly decreases fat mass gain, tends to reduce food intake, and lowers fed-state blood glucose concentrations without affecting insulin concentrations; it also does not affect locomotor activity (distance traveled or speed) in obese Zucker rats^[1]. (S)-Phenylpiracetam (50 mg/kg; p.o.; daily; 8 weeks) reduces mean body weight by 26%, decreases fat mass by 45%, lowers hyperleptinemia by 61%, improves glucose tolerance, and reduces hyperglycemia in WD-fed mice without altering plasma insulin concentrations^[1]. (S)-Phenylpiracetam (50-100 mg/kg; p.o.; single administration) at a dose of 100 mg/kg results in significantly greater travel distance and speed than the R-Phenylpiracetam treatment group^[1].

In Vitro, (S)-Phenylpiracetam competitively inhibits [3H]WIN 35,428 binding to DAT in rat brain striatal membranes with a Ki of 56 μM^[1].

References:
[1]. Zvejniece L, et al. S-phenylpiracetam, a selective DAT inhibitor, reduces body weight gain without influencing locomotor activity. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior. 2017 Sep;160:21-29.