AAI101 (Synonyms: Enmetazobactam)

Animal experiment:

The 20 Enterobacteriaceae strains are used to infect groups of three mice each. At 2 h after inoculation, mice are treated with humanized regimens of cefepime or cefepime-AAI101. All doses are administered as 0.2-mL subcutaneous injections. To serve as control animals, an additional group of mice is administered normal saline at the same volume and frequency and by the same route. Thighs from all animals are harvested at 24 h after initiation of therapy. The harvesting procedure for all study mice began with euthanasia by CO2 exposure, followed by cervical dislocation. After sacrifice, thighs are removed and homogenized individually in normal saline. For determinations of the numbers of CFU, serial dilutions of thigh homogenates are spread onto Trypticase soy agar with 5% sheep blood using a spiral plater. In addition to the aforementioned treatment and control groups, another group of three infected but untreated mice is harvested at the initiation of dosing and served as a 0-h control. Efficacy, expressed as the change in bacterial density, is determined by calculation of the change in the log10 number of CFU obtained in mice after 24 h of treatment from the densities observed in the 0-h control animals.

References:

[1]. Crandon JL, et al. In Vitro Activity of Cefepime/AAI101 and Comparators against Cefepime Non-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae. Pathogens. 2015 Aug 18;4(3):620-5.
[2]. Crandon JL, et al. In vivo activities of simulated human doses of cefepime and cefepime-AAI101 against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 May;59(5):2688-94.