Pogostone, a pyranone, is a major constituent of the essential oil preparation called Pogostemonis Herba [1]. Pogostone can alleviate experimental colitis by inhibiting the activity of myeloperoxidase and suppressing the secretion of various inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-12p70, IL-17A and IL-10[2]. Pogostone has been widely used to kill pests and inhibit the development of larvae[3].
In vitro, Pogostone significantly inhibited the viability of HCT116 cells, SW620 cells and MV4-11 cells after 72 hours of treatment, with IC50 values of 18.7µg/ml, 21.39µg/ml and 22.62µg/ml, respectively[4]. Treatment with 90μg/ml Pogostone for 24 hours significantly induced apoptosis in OVCAR-3 cells and promoted the increase in the expression of CASP3 protein[5]. Treatment with 40μM Pogostone for 24 hours significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α-induced inflammatory cytokines in A549 cells, and decreased oxidative stress and cell death[6].
In vivo, Pogostone treatment at a single intravenous dose of 20mg/kg for 6 hours can protect mice from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated death and alleviate the organ damage induced by LPS in mice[7]. Intraperitoneal injection of Pogostone (25mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks can inhibit bone loss in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer mice and alleviate the damage of bone trabecular structure[8].
References:
[1] Chen J, Liu L, Wang Y, et al. Characterization of a cytosolic acyl-activating enzyme catalyzing the formation of 4-methylvaleryl-CoA for pogostone biosynthesis in Pogostemon cablin[J]. Plant and Cell Physiology, 2021, 62(10): 1556-1571.
[2] Su J, Li C, Yu X, et al. Protective effect of pogostone on 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced experimental colitis via inhibition of T helper cell[J]. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 2017, 8: 829.
[3] Huang S H, Xian J D, Kong S Z, et al. Insecticidal activity of pogostone against Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)[J]. Pest management science, 2014, 70(3): 510-516.
[4] Cao Z X, Yang Y T, Yu S, et al. Pogostone induces autophagy and apoptosis involving PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis in human colorectal carcinoma HCT116 cells[J]. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2017, 202: 20-27.
[5] Homayoun M, Sajedi N, Soleimani M. In vitro evaluation of the pogostone effects on the expression of PTEN and DACT1 tumor suppressor genes, cell cycle, and apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell line[J]. Research in pharmaceutical sciences, 2022, 17(2): 164-175.
[6] Yang H M, Zhuo J Y, Sun C Y, et al. Pogostone attenuates TNF-α-induced injury in A549 cells via inhibiting NF-κB and activating Nrf2 pathways[J]. International immunopharmacology, 2018, 62: 15-22.
[7] Li Y C, Xian Y F, Su Z R, et al. Pogostone suppresses proinflammatory mediator production and protects against endotoxic shock in mice[J]. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2014, 157: 212-221.
[8] Zheng T, Lin Z, Jiang G, et al. Pogostone attenuates osteolysis in breast cancer by inhibiting the NF-kB and JNK signaling pathways of osteoclast[J]. Life Sciences, 2023, 328: 121611.