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Reactive Oxygen Species

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Products Related to Reactive Oxygen Species(505)

  • GC44672 structure
    GC44672PPHP
    CAS: 87864-20-8
    Purity: >98.00%

    PPHP is a substrate for the measurement of peroxidase enzymes.

  • GC44860 structure
    GC44860S1QEL1.1
    CAS: 897613-29-5
    Purity: >98.00%

    S1QEL1.1 is a small molecule that suppresses superoxide production during reverse electron transport through the IQ site of the mitochondrial respiratory complex I (IC50 = 70 nM) without affecting oxidative phosphorylation.

  • GC44918 structure
    GC44918SOTS-1 (technical grade)
    CAS: 223507-96-8
    Purity: >80.00%

    Superoxide radical anion is a toxic by-product of mitochondrial respiration that is formed from approximately 1-4% of the oxygen metabolized by aerobic organisms.

  • GC44947 structure
    GC44947SRS16-86
    CAS: 1793052-96-6
    Purity: >98.00%

    SRS16-86 هو مثبط قوي لداء الفيروسي

  • GC44989 structure
    GC44989TAN 420E
    CAS: 91700-93-5
    Purity: >95.00%

    TAN 420E is a bacterial metabolite originally isolated from Streptomyces.

  • GC45010 structure
    GC45010TEMPONE
    CAS: 2896-70-0
    Purity: >98.00%

    2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) is a stable radical that will react with reactive oxygen species (ROS).

  • GC45059 structure
    GC45059TMB (hydrochloride hydrate)
    CAS: 207738-08-7
    Purity: >98.00%

    TMB is an aromatic amine that undergoes oxidation by the higher oxidation states of heme peroxidases (compounds I and II) thereby serving as a reducing co-substrate.

  • GC45066 structure
    GC45066Tosyl Phenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone
    CAS: 402-71-1
    Purity: >97.00%

    Tosyl Phenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone (L-1-Tosylamido-2-phenylethyl chloromethyl ketone ؛ L-Tosyl Phenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone) هو مثبط قوي لإنزيم بروتياز السيرين الذي يتفاعل مع بروتين الورم الأرومي الشبكي (RB) - اللب الملزم 7 لبروتين HPV قدرتها على ربط RB.

  • GC45131 structure
    GC45131Urotensin II (human) (trifluoroacetate salt)
    Purity: >95.00%

    Urotensin II is a somatostatin-like neuropeptide agonist of the urotensin II receptor (UTR; Ki = 2 nM).

  • GC45226 structure
    GC45226β-BHC
    CAS: 319-85-7
    Purity: 95.00%

    β-BHC is an isomer of the organochlorine pesticide γ-lindane that is a potential impurity found in commercial preparations of lindane.

  • GC45248 structure
    GC45248(-)-FINO2
    CAS: 869298-31-7
    Purity: >98.00%

    (-) - FINO2 هو محفز قوي للتطعيم الحديدي. (-) - FINO2 يثبط نشاط GPX4. (-) - FINO2 هو عامل مؤكسد مستقر يؤكسد الحديد الحديدية ومستقر عند مستويات مختلفة من الأس الهيدروجيني. (-) - يتسبب FINO2 في انتشار بيروكسيد الدهون.

  • GC45337 structure
    GC453373-Hydroxyterphenyllin
    CAS: 66163-76-6
    Purity: >70.00%

    3-هيدروكسيترفينيللين هو مستقلب من Aspergillus candidus.3-Hydroxyterphenyllin يمنع التكاثر ويسبب السمية الخلوية ضد خلايا A2780 / CP70 و OVCAR-3. 3-Hydroxyterphenyllin يحث على إيقاف المرحلة S وموت الخلايا المبرمج. 3-Hydroxyterphenyllin لديه القدرة على البحث عن سرطان المبيض.

  • GC45357 structure
    GC453575-Chlorouracil
    CAS: 1820-81-1
    Purity: >98.00%

  • GC45379 structure
    GC45379Alloxan (hydrate)
    CAS: 2244-11-3
    Purity: >98.00%

  • GC45427 structure
    GC45427Dihydrolycorine
    CAS: 6271-21-2
    Purity: >98.00%

  • GC45513 structure
    GC45513MGR1
    CAS: 2361529-46-4
    Purity: >98.00%

  • GC45578 structure
    GC45578Thymohydroquinone
    CAS: 2217-60-9
    Purity: >98.00%

  • GC45595 structure
    GC45595Vulpinic Acid
    CAS: 521-52-8
    Purity: >98.00%

    يقلل حمض الفلبنيك ، وهو مستقلب حزاز ، إنتاج ROS الناجم عن H2O2 ، والإجهاد التأكسدي والأضرار المرتبطة بالإجهاد التأكسدي في الخلايا البطانية للوريد السري البشري (HUVEC)

  • GC45662 structure
    GC45662Dieugenol
    CAS: 4433-08-3
    Purity: >98.00%

    A neolignan with antioxidative and antiparasitic activities

  • GC45706 structure
    GC45706GHK-Cu (acetate)
    CAS: 300801-03-0
    Purity: >98.00%

    A tripeptide-copper(II) complex

  • GC45777 structure
    GC45777Peonidin 3-O-glucoside (chloride)
    CAS: 6906-39-4
    Purity: >97.00%

    Peonidin 3-O-glucoside (كلوريد) ، وهو أنثوسيانين ، يعمل كمفرز للأنسولين.

  • GC45820 structure
    GC45820Balsalazide-d4
    Purity: >99.00%

    Balsalazide-d4 هو الديوتيريوم المسمى بالسالازيد

  • GC45877 structure
    GC45877CYM 5478
    CAS: 870762-83-7
    Purity: >98.00%

    CYM 5478 عبارة عن ناهض S1P2 قوي وانتقائي للغاية مع EC50 يبلغ 119 نانومتر في اختبار TGFα- ذرف.

  • GC45917 structure
    GC45917Leucettine L41
    CAS: 1112978-84-3
    Purity: >98.00%

    Leucettine L41 هو مثبط قوي للكيناز 1A الخاضع للتنظيم الفسفرة التيروزين (DYRK1A) و DYRK2 و CDC-like kinase 1 (CLK1) و CLK3 (IC50s = 0.04 و 0.035 و 0.015 و 4.5 ميكرومتر ، على التوالي)