Chrysoeriol is a natural flavonoid found in Coronopus didymus that exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways[1,2]. Chrysoeriol possesses potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities and is commonly used in the treatment and research of acute skin inflammation, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases[3,4].
In vitro, SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with Chrysoeriol (5, 10, and 20μM) for 4h, followed by co-incubation with 1mM 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium iodide (MPP+) for an additional 24h. Chrysoeriol dose-dependently attenuated MPP+-induced cell death, with 20μM Chrysoeriol significantly increasing cell survival from 50% to approximately 90%[5]. ARPE-19 cells were pretreated with Chrysoeriol (2.5 and 5μM) for 2h, followed by co-incubation with H2O2 (500μM) for an additional 24h. Chrysoeriol pretreatment significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of the mitochondrial transcription factor TFAM and the DNA polymerase subunit gamma-1 (POLG)[6].
In vivo, Chrysoeriol (20mg/kg) was orally administered to streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats for 45 days, which significantly reduced the elevated serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bringing them back to near-normal levels[7].
References:
[1] PRABHAKAR K R, SRINIVASAN K K, RAO P G M. Chemical investigation, anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties of Coronopus didymus[J]. Pharmaceutical Biology, 2002, 40(7): 490-493.
[2] WU J Y, CHEN Y J, BAI L, et al. Chrysoeriol ameliorates TPA-induced acute skin inflammation in mice and inhibits NF-κB and STAT3 pathways[J]. Phytomedicine, 2020, 68: 153173.
[3] ABOULAGHRAS S, SAHIB N, BAKRIM S, et al. Health benefits and pharmacological aspects of chrysoeriol[J]. Pharmaceuticals, 2022, 15(8): 973.
[4] CHA B Y, SHI W L, YONEZAWA T, et al. An inhibitory effect of chrysoeriol on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced proliferation and PDGF receptor signaling in human aortic smooth muscle cells[J]. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 2009, 110(1): 105-110.
[5] LIMBOONREUNG T, TUCHINDA P, CHONGTHAMMAKUN S. Chrysoeriol mediates mitochondrial protection via PI3K/Akt pathway in MPP⁺ treated SH-SY5Y cells[J]. Neuroscience Letters, 2020, 714: 134545.
[6] KIM M H, KWON S Y, WOO S Y, et al. Antioxidative effects of chrysoeriol via activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway and modulation of mitochondrial function[J]. Molecules, 2021, 26(2): 313.
[7] KRISHNAN B, PUGALENDI K V, SARAVANAN R. Ameliorative potential of Chrysoeriol, a bioactive flavonoid on oxidative stress and hepatic marker enzymes in STZ induced diabetic rats[J]. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2019, 5(3): 614-624.