Bupivacaine N-oxide hydrochloride is a metabolite of Bupivacaine. Bupivacaine is a NMDA receptor inhibitor. Bupivacaine can block sodium, L-calcium, and potassium channels.Bupivacaine potently blocks SCN5A channels with the IC50 of 69.5 μM. Bupivacaine can be used for the research of chronic pain.
References:
[1]. Rydevik A, Bondesson U, Hedeland M. Structural elucidation of phase I and II metabolites of bupivacaine in horse urine and fungi of the Cunninghamella species using liquid chromatography/multi-stage mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2012;26(11):1338-1346.
References:
[1]. Rydevik A, Bondesson U, Hedeland M. Structural elucidation of phase I and II metabolites of bupivacaine in horse urine and fungi of the Cunninghamella species using liquid chromatography/multi-stage mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2012;26(11):1338-1346.