D-4'-Phosphopantothenate (Phosphopantothenic acid; 4'-Phosphopantothenate) serves as a precursor for coenzyme A synthesis and is a key metabolite in the biosynthetic pathway of pantothenic acid and coenzyme A. The expression level of D-4'-Phosphopantothenate is downregulated in macrophages exposed to graphene nanosheets or the CD36 ligand sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate. D-4'-Phosphopantothenate is positively correlated with the sucrose preference index in mice subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and its expression can be upregulated by the aqueous extract of Cistanche tubulosa. D-4'-Phosphopantothenate can be used in studies related to depression comorbid with sexual dysfunction [1] [2] [3].
In Vivo, D-4'-Phosphopantothenate correlates positively with improved antidepressant-related sucrose preference in CUMS-induced mice with comorbid depression and sexual dysfunction, with its testicular levels upregulated by Cistanche tubulosa aqueous extract exposure[3].
In Vitro, D‑4'-Phosphopantothenate is synthesized via the archaeal pathway (dependent on PoK and PPS) in symbiotic Candidatus Entoporibacteria, whereas free-living Candidatus Pelagiporibacteria produce this metabolite through the canonical bacterial pathway (dependent on PS and type III PanK); both groups of microorganisms utilize bacterial-type DPCK to complete the subsequent biosynthesis of coenzyme A[1]. D-4'-Phosphopantothenate is downregulated in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages exposed to graphene nanosheets or the CD36 ligand sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate[2].
References:
[1]. Thomès L, et al. Mosaic Evolution of the Phosphopantothenate Biosynthesis Pathway in Bacteria and Archaea. Genome biology and evolution. 2021 Feb 03;13(2):evaa262.
[2]. Adamson SX, et al. Metabolomic insights of macrophage responses to graphene nanoplatelets: Role of scavenger receptor CD36. PloS one. 2018;13(11):e0207042.
[3]. Sun A, et al. A metabolomics approach reveals the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Cistanche tubulosa stems and its combination with fluoxetine on depression in comorbid with sexual dysfunction. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2025 Jan 30;337(Pt 2):118891.
In Vivo, D-4'-Phosphopantothenate correlates positively with improved antidepressant-related sucrose preference in CUMS-induced mice with comorbid depression and sexual dysfunction, with its testicular levels upregulated by Cistanche tubulosa aqueous extract exposure[3].
In Vitro, D‑4'-Phosphopantothenate is synthesized via the archaeal pathway (dependent on PoK and PPS) in symbiotic Candidatus Entoporibacteria, whereas free-living Candidatus Pelagiporibacteria produce this metabolite through the canonical bacterial pathway (dependent on PS and type III PanK); both groups of microorganisms utilize bacterial-type DPCK to complete the subsequent biosynthesis of coenzyme A[1]. D-4'-Phosphopantothenate is downregulated in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages exposed to graphene nanosheets or the CD36 ligand sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate[2].
References:
[1]. Thomès L, et al. Mosaic Evolution of the Phosphopantothenate Biosynthesis Pathway in Bacteria and Archaea. Genome biology and evolution. 2021 Feb 03;13(2):evaa262.
[2]. Adamson SX, et al. Metabolomic insights of macrophage responses to graphene nanoplatelets: Role of scavenger receptor CD36. PloS one. 2018;13(11):e0207042.
[3]. Sun A, et al. A metabolomics approach reveals the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Cistanche tubulosa stems and its combination with fluoxetine on depression in comorbid with sexual dysfunction. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2025 Jan 30;337(Pt 2):118891.