EF24 is a novel synthetic curcumin analog [1]. EF24 induces apoptosis of cancer cells through a redox-dependent mechanism [2]. EF24 has anti-tumor and anti-aging effects [3-4].
In A549 cells, EF24 (0μM, 0.5μM, 1μM, 2μM, 4μM, 8μM, 16μM; 24h, 48h) inhibits the growth of NSCLC cells in vitro [5]. In K562 cells, EF24 (2μM; 24h) exhibits potent cell killing activity in leukemia cell lines [6]. In SKOV-3, EF24 (3μM; 48h) treatment attenuates ovarian cancer cell proliferation and metastasis [7].
In subcutaneous HCC tumor mice model, EF24 (20mg/kg; ip; 21d) inhibits tumor growth and induces apoptosis [8]. In C57/BL6 mice, EF24 (200μg/kg; ip; 14d) significantly inhibited the significant increase in JunB, JunC, and JunD levels in distant lung tissues after infrared irradiation [9]. In DU145 subcutaneous tumor mice model, EF24 (200μg/kg; ip; 4 weeks) treatment significantly slowed tumor growth [10].
References:
[1]. He Y, Li W, Hu G, et al. Bioactivities of EF24, a novel curcumin analog: a review. Frontiers in Oncology. 2018 Dec 11; 8: 614.
[2]. Adams BK, Cai J, Armstrong J, et al. EF24, a novel synthetic curcumin analog, induces apoptosis in cancer cells via a redox-dependent mechanism. Anti-cancer drugs. 2005 Mar 1;16(3):263-275.
[3]. Sazdova I, Keremidarska-Markova M, Dimitrova D, et al. Anticarcinogenic potency of EF24: An overview of its pharmacokinetics, efficacy, mechanism of action, and nanoformulation for drug delivery. Cancers. 2023 Nov 20; 15(22): 5478.
[4]. Li W, He Y, Zhang R, et al. The curcumin analog EF24 is a novel senolytic agent. Aging (Albany NY). 2019 Jan 28;11(2):771.
[5]. Chang M, Shang M, Yuan F, et al. EF24 exerts cytotoxicity against NSCLC via inducing ROS accumulation. Cancer Cell International. 2021 Dec; 21: 1-3.
[6]. Singh AP, Wax N, Duncan J, et al. Genomic Discovery of EF-24 Targets Unveils Antitumorigenic Mechanisms in Leukemia Cells. bioRxiv. 2024 Oct 16: 2024-2010.
[7]. Zhang D, Wang Y, Dong L, et al. Therapeutic role of EF 24 targeting glucose transporter 1‐mediated metabolism and metastasis in ovarian cancer cells. Cancer science. 2013 Dec; 104(12): 1690-1696.
[8]. Liu H, Liang Y, Wang L, et al. In vivo and in vitro suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma by EF24, a curcumin analog. PloS one. 2012 Oct 31; 7(10): e48075.
[9]. Veeraraghavan J, Natarajan M, Awasthi V, et al. EF24, a novel curcumin analogue inhibits oncogenic activation induced by radiation abscopal effect in distant mice lungs. Cancer Research. 2011 Apr 15;71(8_Supplement):4203.
[10]. Yang CH, Yue J, Sims M, et al. The curcumin analog EF24 targets NF-κB and miRNA-21, and has potent anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. PloS one. 2013 Aug 7; 8(8): e71130.