Glycodeoxycholic Acid (Synonyms: GDCA) |
Catalog No.GC38644
One-Click Copy Product Info
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Glycodeoxycholic Acid is a glycine-conjugated form of the secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 360-65-6
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Glycodeoxycholic Acid is a glycine-conjugated form of the secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid[1]. Glycodeoxycholic Acid participates in bile formation and fat digestion and absorption, and also plays an important role in regulating cholesterol metabolism and maintaining gut microbiota balance[2]. Glycodeoxycholic Acid is mainly used in the research of bile acid metabolism and related diseases[3].
In vitro, treatment of primary hepatocytes isolated from rats with Glycodeoxycholic Acid (250μM; 4h) significantly increased hepatocyte MDA levels, decreased membrane fluidity, elevated ALT levels, and induced hepatocyte injury[4]. Glycodeoxycholic Acid (0.5mM; 24h) significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration, and increased cells apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) SUN-449 and HepG2 cells[5].
In vivo, Glycodeoxycholic Acid (100mg/kg/day; oral gavage from postnatal day 11 to 34) delayed the onset of puberty, increased hypothalamic Sirt1 expression, and decreased serum LH levels, Kiss1 and GnRH expression in high-fat diet-induced central precocious puberty (CPP) female rats[6]. Intraduodenal infusion of Glycodeoxycholic Acid at a rate equivalent to the hepatic bile acid flux (32.90±9.04mg/h) for 24 hours reduced cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase activity and inhibited endogenous bile acid synthesis in the rabbit model with bile fistula[7].
References:
[1] Lefebvre P, Cariou B, Lien F, Kuipers F, Staels B. Role of bile acids and bile acid receptors in metabolic regulation. Physiol Rev. 2009;89(1):147-191.
[2] Jia Y, Yang X, Wilson LM, et al. Diet-Related and Gut-Derived Metabolites and Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review. Metabolites. 2022;12(12):1261.
[3] Farooqui N, Elhence A, Shalimar. A Current Understanding of Bile Acids in Chronic Liver Disease. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2022;12(1):155-173.
[4] Huang W, Kang G, Tu Z. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 1999;7(1):46-47.
[5] Shen R, Ke L, Li Q, et al. Abnormal bile acid-microbiota crosstalk promotes the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int. 2022;16(2):396-411.
[6] Wu N, Jiang X, Liu Y, et al. Glycodeoxycholic acid alleviates central precocious puberty by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites in high-fat diet-fed female rats. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2025;82(1):163.
[7] Xu G, Salen G, Batta AK, et al. Glycocholic acid and glycodeoxycholic acid but not glycoursocholic acid inhibit bile acid synthesis in the rabbit. Gastroenterology. 1992;102(5):1717-1723.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | SUN-449 and HepG2 human HCC cell lines |
Preparation Method | SUN-449 and HepG2 human HCC cell lines were maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Cells were cultured in a cell incubator with 5% CO2 at 37°C. And cells were treated with Glycodeoxycholic Acid (0.5mM) or PBS for 24h. Then CCK-8 and Transwell assays were performed for cell proliferation and migration detection. And cell apoptosis was detected using an Annexin V FITC apoptosis detection kit. |
Reaction Conditions | 0.5mM; 24h |
Applications | Glycodeoxycholic Acid significantly inhibited the proliferation and migration, and increased cells apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) SUN-449 and HepG2 cells. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | Wistar rats |
Preparation Method | 6-8 weeks old male (330-360g) and female (215-250g) Wistar rats were housed in 22°C under constant lighting conditions (14/10h light/dark cycle) with ad libitum access to food and water. After a two-week adaptation period, two females were paired with one adult male Wistar rat to produce experimental female offspring. Subsequently, the rats were randomly divided into two groups: HFD (n=14) and NN (n=14). To model CPP, female pups were raised in small litters of four pups per dam starting on postnatal day (PND) 10 and given free access to HFD from PND 21 to PND 33. In contrast, the NN group consisted of female pups raised in normal litters of twelve pups per dam, fed a standard diet. Wistar rats in the CPP model were administered 100mg/kg/d Glycodeoxycholic Acid (diluted in sterile saline) via gavage from PND 11 to PND 34, while the control group received the same volume of the vehicle. Rat weights were recorded every four days from PND 10 to PND 21 and daily thereafter until the experiment ended. At the termination of the experiment, the rats were euthanized following a 16-hour fasting period. Blood samples were collected and centrifuged at 3500rpm for 15min at 4°C to obtain serum. The hypothalamus, uterus, ovaries, and feces were immediately collected, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80°C until further analysis. In addition, the wet weights of the uterus and ovaries were measured, and the relative uterus weight (UW) and ovary weight (OW) (mg/100g) were calculated. Ovarian tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin after fixation in formalin. |
Dosage form | 100mg/kg/day; oral gavage from postnatal day 11 to 34 |
Applications | Glycodeoxycholic Acid delayed the onset of puberty, increased hypothalamic Sirt1 expression, and decreased serum LH levels, Kiss1 and GnRH expression in high-fat diet-induced central precocious puberty (CPP) female rats. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 360-65-6 | SDF | |
| Synonyms | GDCA | ||
| Canonical SMILES | C[C@@H]([C@]1(CC[C@]2([C@@]3(CC[C@@]4(C[C@@H](CC[C@@]4([C@]3(C[C@@H]([C@@]21C)O)[H])C)O)[H])[H])[H])[H])CCC(NCC(O)=O)=O | ||
| Formula | C26H43NO5 | M.Wt | 449.62 |
| Solubility | DMSO: 250 mg/mL (556.03 mM) | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
|
1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 2.2241 mL | 11.1205 mL | 22.241 mL |
| 5 mM | 444.8 μL | 2.2241 mL | 4.4482 mL |
| 10 mM | 222.4 μL | 1.1121 mL | 2.2241 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
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μL
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Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL saline, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
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- Purity: >98.00% Appearance: A solid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 22 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)