Glufosinate (ammonium salt) (Synonyms: HOE 00661, HOE 39866) |
Catalog No.GC43772
One-Click Copy Product Info
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Glufosinate (ammonium salt) is a key herbicide to manage weeds, which is formulated as a racemic mixture of d, l-phosphinothricin.
Products are for research use only. Not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Cas No.: 77182-82-2
Sample solution is provided at 25 µL, 10mM.
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Glufosinate (ammonium salt) is a key herbicide to manage weeds, which is formulated as a racemic mixture of d, l-phosphinothricin [1]. Glufosinate inhibits glutamine synthetase (GS), leading to the accumulation of ammonia and metabolites from the photorespiration pathway (such as acetic acid and malonic acid), as well as the consumption of other intermediates (such as glycine, serine, hydroxypropionic acid, and glyeraldehyde), and causes a significant accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in the rapid death of plant cells[2]. Glufosinate has been widely used to inhibit the formation of glutamine and to regulate the seed components of soybean varieties[3].
In vitro, Glufosinate treatment (0.5µg/ml) for 72 hours significantly increased the frequencies of chromosome aberration and micronucleus in human lymphocytes [4]. Treatment with 100µM Glufosinate for 12 days increased the expression of neurogenic protein 2 in mouse neural stem cells (NSCs) and altered the glial differentiation of NSCs [5]. Treatment with 10µg/ml Glufosinate for 24 hours induced apoptosis of mouse embryonic neuroepithelial cells, characterized by fragmentation of DNA and condensation and separation of chromatin[6]. Treatment with 10µg/ml Glufosinate for 1 hour inhibited the mitochondrial function of human sperm cells, by decreasing the oxygen consumption rate in the active and in the passive state of mitochondrial respiration [7].
In vivo, Glufosinate treatment via oral administration at a dose of 20mg/kg (twice a day) for 14 days reduced the levels of GS in the tumors of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cell-xenograft mouse models, decreased the lung metastases, and induced the aggregation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and the normalization of tumor blood vessels[8].
References:
[1] Takano H K, Dayan F E. Glufosinate‐ammonium: a review of the current state of knowledge[J]. Pest Management Science, 2020, 76(12): 3911-3925.
[2] Takano H K, Beffa R, Preston C, et al. A novel insight into the mode of action of glufosinate: how reactive oxygen species are formed[J]. Photosynthesis Research, 2020, 144(3): 361-372.
[3] Reddy K N, Zablotowicz R M, Bellaloui N, et al. Glufosinate Effects on Nitrogen Nutrition, Growth, Yield, and Seed Composition in Glufosinate‐Resistant and Glufosinate‐Sensitive Soybean[J]. International Journal of Agronomy, 2011, 2011(1): 109280.
[4] Santovito A, Ruberto S, Gendusa C, et al. In vitro evaluation of genomic damage induced by glyphosate on human lymphocytes[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018, 25(34): 34693-34700.
[5] Feat-Vetel J, Larrigaldie V, Meyer-Dilhet G, et al. Multiple effects of the herbicide glufosinate-ammonium and its main metabolite on neural stem cells from the subventricular zone of newborn mice[J]. Neurotoxicology, 2018, 69: 152-163.
[6] Watanabe T. Apoptosis induced by glufosinate ammonium in the neuroepithelium of developing mouse embryos in culture[J]. Neuroscience letters, 1997, 222(1): 17-20.
[7] Ferramosca A, Lorenzetti S, Di Giacomo M, et al. Herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium negatively affect human sperm mitochondria respiration efficiency[J]. Reproductive Toxicology, 2021, 99: 48-55.
[8] Menga A, Serra M, Todisco S, et al. Glufosinate constrains synchronous and metachronous metastasis by promoting anti‐tumor macrophages[J]. EMBO Molecular Medicine, 2020, 12(10): EMMM201911210.
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
Cell lines | Human sperm cells |
Preparation Method | Semen samples were pooled, and spermatozoa were collected by centrifugation at 800g for 10min at room temperature and resuspended in isotonic salt solution (2g/l BSA, 113mM KCl, 12.5mM KH2PO4, 2.5mM K2HPO4, 3mM MgCl2, 0.4mM EDTA, 20mM Tris, adjusted to pH 7.4 with HCl). Sperm cells (1×107 cells/ml) were then incubated for 1h at 37°C with Glufosinate at the concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000nM. Oxygen consumption of treated spermatozoa was measured by using the oxygen probe, in the presence of a solution of 10mM pyruvate and 10mM malate (respiratory substrates) and 0.76μM of adenosine diphosphate (ADP). |
Reaction Conditions | 0.1, 1, 10, 100, and 1000nM; 1h |
Applications | Glufosinate treatment significantly reduced the mitochondrial respiration in the sperm cells in a dose-dependent manner. |
| Animal experiment [2]: | |
Animal models | C57BL/6 mice |
Preparation Method | C57BL/6 mice (8 weeks old) were housed in a room with controlled temperature (21-23°C), humidity (40-60%), and lighting (12h light/dark cycle) and were supplied with water. 1×106 LLC cells were injected subcutaneously into the shaved rear flank of 8‐week‐old C57BL/6 mice. Glufosinate was prepared in sterile water for injection and administered directly into the stomach of mice twice a day (20mg/kg) via oral gavage. LLC‐bearing mice received Glufosinate treatment 14 days after tumors reached a volume of 400mm3 and were resected. The post‐surgical mice were sacrificed at end stage, and the lung metastases were analyzed. |
Dosage form | 20mg/kg; twice a day for 14 days; p.o. |
Applications | Glufosinate treatment reduced the lung metastatic nodules in LLC‐bearing mice. |
References: | |
| Cas No. | 77182-82-2 | SDF | |
| Synonyms | HOE 00661, HOE 39866 | ||
| Canonical SMILES | OC(C(CCP(C)([O-])=O)N)=O.[NH4+] | ||
| Formula | C5H11NO4P•NH4 | M.Wt | 198.2 |
| Solubility | PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml | Storage | Store at -20°C |
| General tips | Please select the appropriate solvent to prepare the stock solution according to the
solubility of the product in different solvents; once the solution is prepared, please store it in
separate packages to avoid product failure caused by repeated freezing and thawing.Storage method
and period of the stock solution: When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months; when stored
at -20°C, please use it within 1 month. To increase solubility, heat the tube to 37°C and then oscillate in an ultrasonic bath for some time. |
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| Shipping Condition | Evaluation sample solution: shipped with blue ice. All other sizes available: with RT, or with Blue Ice upon request. | ||
| Prepare stock solution | |||
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1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
| 1 mM | 5.0454 mL | 25.227 mL | 50.4541 mL |
| 5 mM | 1.0091 mL | 5.0454 mL | 10.0908 mL |
| 10 mM | 504.5 μL | 2.5227 mL | 5.0454 mL |
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal making an allowance for loss during the experiment)
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Working concentration: mg/ml;
Method for preparing DMSO master liquid: mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO ( Master liquid concentration mg/mL, Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug. )
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next addμL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL saline, mix and clarify.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation: Take μL DMSO master liquid, next add μL Corn oil, mix and clarify.
Note: 1. Please make sure the liquid is clear before adding the next solvent.
2. Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order. You must ensure that the solution obtained, in the previous addition, is a clear solution before proceeding to add the next solvent. Physical methods such as vortex, ultrasound or hot water bath can be used to aid dissolving.
3. All of the above co-solvents are available for purchase on the GlpBio website.
Quality Control & SDS
- View current batch:
- Purity: >98.00% Appearance: A solid
- COA (Certificate of Analysis)
- SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
- Datasheet
Average Rating: 5 (Based on Reviews and 38 reference(s) in Google Scholar.)