Glycodeoxycholic acid-d 5 is deuterium labeled Glycodeoxycholic Acid. Glycodeoxycholic Acid is a natural product found in Streptomyces nigricans, Trypanosoma brucei and C. elegans. Glycodeoxycholic Acid induces hepatocyte necrosis and autophagy in patients with obstructive cholestasis [1] [2] [3] [4].
References:
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019 Feb;53(2):211-216.
[2]. Shi C, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid induces stemness and chemoresistance via the STAT3 signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Aging (Albany NY). 2020 Aug 3;12(15):15546-15555.
[3]. Vaz AR, et al. Bilirubin selectively inhibits cytochrome c oxidase activity and induces apoptosis in immature cortical neurons: assessment of the protective effects of glycoursodeoxycholic acid. J Neurochem. 2010 Jan;112(1):56-65.
[4]. Fauzi A, et al. Role of glycodeoxycholic acid to induce acute pancreatitis in Macaca nemestrina. J Med Primatol. 2022 Jun;51(3):134-142. doi: 10.1111/jmp.12577. Epub 2022 Mar 20. PMID: 35306662; PMCID: PMC9310849.
References:
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019 Feb;53(2):211-216.
[2]. Shi C, et al. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid induces stemness and chemoresistance via the STAT3 signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Aging (Albany NY). 2020 Aug 3;12(15):15546-15555.
[3]. Vaz AR, et al. Bilirubin selectively inhibits cytochrome c oxidase activity and induces apoptosis in immature cortical neurons: assessment of the protective effects of glycoursodeoxycholic acid. J Neurochem. 2010 Jan;112(1):56-65.
[4]. Fauzi A, et al. Role of glycodeoxycholic acid to induce acute pancreatitis in Macaca nemestrina. J Med Primatol. 2022 Jun;51(3):134-142. doi: 10.1111/jmp.12577. Epub 2022 Mar 20. PMID: 35306662; PMCID: PMC9310849.